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Lung function abnormalities in different connective tissue diseases.

C Vitali, G Viegi, S Tassoni

    Clinical Rheumatology
    |June 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

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    Connective tissue diseases frequently cause lung function abnormalities, including small airways disease and impaired diffusion capacity, even in asymptomatic patients. Specific lung defects vary by disease, with rheumatoid arthritis showing small airways disease and systemic sclerosis showing large airway obstruction.

    Area of Science:

    • Pulmonology
    • Rheumatology
    • Internal Medicine

    Background:

    • Connective tissue diseases (CTDs) are systemic autoimmune disorders that can affect multiple organs, including the lungs.
    • Pulmonary involvement in CTDs can manifest as interstitial lung disease, pulmonary hypertension, or airway abnormalities.
    • Early detection of lung dysfunction is crucial for managing CTDs and preventing disease progression.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the prevalence and patterns of pulmonary function abnormalities in patients with various CTDs.
    • To identify specific lung function defects associated with different CTD subtypes.
    • To assess the presence of lung dysfunction in asymptomatic patients with CTDs.

    Main Methods:

    • Pulmonary function tests including lung volumes, forced expiratory flow-volume curves, and diffusing capacity were performed.

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  • Arterial blood gases were analyzed.
  • Seventy-two non-smoking patients with rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, progressive systemic sclerosis, primary Sjögren's syndrome, polymyositis, and mixed connective tissue disease were included.

    • Main Results:

    • Small airways disease and impaired diffusion capacity were the most common abnormalities across all CTDs, often found in asymptomatic individuals.
    • Rheumatoid arthritis showed a high prevalence of small airways disease.
    • Progressive systemic sclerosis was associated with large airway obstruction, while systemic lupus erythematosus frequently presented with diffusion capacity impairment.

    Conclusions:

    • Lung function abnormalities are common in CTDs and can be specific to disease subtypes.
    • Pulmonary assessment is essential in CTD patients, including those without respiratory symptoms.
    • Primary Sjögren's syndrome appears to have a lower frequency and severity of lung involvement compared to other CTDs.