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Gausemycin A-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Demonstrates Affected Cell Membrane and Cell Wall Homeostasis

Darya V Poshvina1, Diana S Dilbaryan1, Alexey S Vasilchenko1

  • 1Laboratory of Antimicrobial Resistance, Institute of Environmental and Agricultural Biology (X-BIO), Tyumen State University, 625003 Tyumen, Russia.

Microorganisms
|June 15, 2023
PubMed

Insights

New antibiotic gausemycin A shows promise against resistant bacteria. Gene expression analysis reveals that resistance in Staphylococcus aureus involves changes in cell wall and membrane components, particularly in response to gausemycin A.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Antibiotic resistance is a major global health threat.
  • Multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus causes significant nosocomial infections and mortality.
  • Gausemycin A is a novel lipoglycopeptide antibiotic effective against resistant S. aureus.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying bacterial resistance to gausemycin A.
  • To identify specific genes and pathways involved in S. aureus resistance.
  • To understand how gene expression changes contribute to gausemycin A resistance.

Main Methods:

  • Gene expression analysis was performed on gausemycin A-resistant S. aureus strains.
  • Differential gene expression was assessed in late-exponential and stationary phases.
  • Key genes related to cell wall, membrane, and stress response were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • In the late-exponential phase, resistant S. aureus exhibited increased expression of genes involved in cell wall turnover (sceD), membrane charge (dltA), phospholipid metabolism (pgsA), and stress response (vraS, clpX).
  • These findings suggest cell wall and membrane alterations are crucial for gausemycin A resistance.
  • In the stationary phase, a decreased expression of phospholipid metabolism (mprF) and Clp proteolytic system (clpX) genes was observed.

Conclusions:

  • Changes in cell wall and membrane properties are essential for Staphylococcus aureus resistance to gausemycin A.
  • Specific gene expression patterns, including upregulation of cell wall and membrane-related genes, characterize gausemycin A resistance.
  • Further research into these mechanisms could inform strategies to combat antibiotic resistance.
Keywords:
Staphylococcus aureusantibiotic resistanceantimicrobial peptidegausemycin Alipoglycopeptidepeptide antibiotics

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