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Related Concept Videos

Potentiometry: Membrane Electrodes01:15

Potentiometry: Membrane Electrodes

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Membrane electrodes, also known as p-ion electrodes, use membranes that selectively interact with free analyte ions, generating a potential difference across the membrane. The resulting membrane potential, known as the asymmetry potential, is not zero even when analyte concentrations on both sides of the membrane are equal. The membrane's response is typically not selective to a single analyte but proportional to the concentration of all ions in the sample solution capable of interacting at...
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Amperometry is a technique commonly used to measure the concentration of specific analytes in a solution by monitoring the electric current generated during an electrochemical reaction. It involves applying a constant potential between a working electrode and a reference electrode to measure the resulting current, which is proportional to the concentration of the analyte. The Clark oxygen electrode operates based on this principle of amperometry. It consists of a cathode and an anode enclosed...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 26, 2025

Electrochemically and Bioelectrochemically Induced Ammonium Recovery
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Published on: January 22, 2015

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Simple and Low-Cost Electroactive Membranes for Ammonia Recovery.

Xinyi Wang1, Sungju Im1, Bongyeon Jung1

  • 1University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States.

Environmental Science & Technology
|June 15, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed a low-cost electrically conductive membrane (ECM) to recover ammonia from wastewater. This innovative material efficiently strips ammonia, transforming a contaminant into a valuable resource for fertilizer production.

Keywords:
ammoniaelectrically conducting membranemembrane contactorwastewater

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Engineering
  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry

Background:

  • Ammonia in wastewater is a contaminant requiring removal.
  • Ammonia is a crucial feedstock for fertilizer production, making its recovery valuable.
  • Existing ammonia removal methods may not be cost-effective or efficient for dilute streams.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate a simple, low-cost ammonia gas stripping membrane for wastewater recovery.
  • To demonstrate the efficacy of an electrically conductive membrane (ECM) in transforming and recovering ammonia.
  • To assess the performance of the ECM under varying operational conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of an electrically conductive membrane (ECM) using carbon cloth and polypropylene.
  • Application of a cathodic potential to the ECM to generate hydroxide ions.
  • Electrically driven ammonia stripping across the hydrophobic membrane into an acid solution.
  • Performance evaluation based on ammonia flux and energy efficiency at different current densities and flow rates.

Main Results:

  • The ECM successfully transformed ammonium ions into ammonia gas for stripping.
  • Achieved a high ammonia flux of 141.3 ± 14.0 g.cm-2.day-1 at 6.25 mA.cm-2.
  • Demonstrated an energy efficiency of 69.2 ± 5.3 kg(NH3-N)/kWh.
  • Ammonia flux was found to be sensitive to current density and acid circulation rate.

Conclusions:

  • The ECM offers a simple, low-cost, and effective method for ammonia recovery from wastewater.
  • This technology presents an attractive solution for resource recovery from dilute aqueous streams.
  • The ECM's performance indicates its potential for industrial application in wastewater treatment and ammonia recycling.