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Related Concept Videos

Introduction to Lymphatic and Immune System01:22

Introduction to Lymphatic and Immune System

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Immunity is a crucial biological concept about our body's inherent capacity to prevent infections and diseases. A complex network of cells and tissues collectively known as the immune system facilitates this natural defense mechanism. The immune system plays an integral role in maintaining our health and well-being, shielding us from potential health threats.
The immune responses can be categorized into two types: innate and adaptive. Innate immunity comprises nonspecific defenses we are...
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Lymphoid Cells and Tissues01:18

Lymphoid Cells and Tissues

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Lymphoid cells and tissues are integral to the immune system, which is crucial in maintaining our body's defense against harmful pathogens. They form the building blocks of lymphoid organs, which include the spleen, thymus, and lymph nodes.
Lymphoid cells consist of various types of immune system cells. These include B and T lymphocytes, which are responsible for producing antibodies and killing infected cells, respectively. Dendritic cells act as messengers between the innate and adaptive...
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Functions of the Lymphatic and Immune System01:28

Functions of the Lymphatic and Immune System

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The lymphatic system plays a crucial role in bolstering our immune system. It consists of a network of lymphoid organs, lymph, and lymphatic vessels that provide structural and functional support in safeguarding the body against pathogens such as viruses and bacteria.
The primary lymphoid organs, including the bone marrow and the thymus, serve as the maturation sites for lymphocytes. Secondary lymphoid organs, like the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue, activate these lymphocytes and serve as...
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Secondary Lymphoid Organs01:15

Secondary Lymphoid Organs

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Secondary organs, including lymph nodes, the spleen, and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT), work harmoniously to protect us from disease and infection.
The spleen is a vital organ in the lymphatic system, nestled in the upper left side of the abdomen. It is composed of two primary regions: the red pulp and the white pulp, each having distinct functions. The red pulp performs a significant role in blood filtration. It efficiently purges the blood of old or damaged red blood cells and...
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Introduction to Innate and Adaptive Immunity01:21

Introduction to Innate and Adaptive Immunity

4.2K
The human immune system is a complex defense mechanism that protects the body from harmful pathogens and foreign substances. It comprises two crucial components: innate and adaptive immunity.
Innate immunity is the body's natural, nonspecific defense system that acts quickly to protect against pathogens. It incorporates physical barriers like skin and mucous membranes and cellular elements such as phagocytes and natural killer cells. This part of our immune system provides an immediate,...
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Cells of the Innate Immune Response01:28

Cells of the Innate Immune Response

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The innate immune response is an immediate and non-specific response against pathogens, acting swiftly to prevent the spread of infections. The primary cells involved in this response are phagocytes and natural killer (NK) cells.
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Updated: Jul 26, 2025

Co-Culture of Murine Small Intestine Epithelial Organoids with Innate Lymphoid Cells
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The interplay between innate lymphoid cells and microbiota.

Rui Wang1, Wenwen Cui1, Huan Yang1

  • 1Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Laboratory Diagnostics, School of Medical Technology, Xuzhou Medical University , Xuzhou, China.

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Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) interact with gut microbiota through accessory cells, metabolic pathways, and adaptive immunity. These interactions are crucial for maintaining mucosal homeostasis and host defense.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Microbiology
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) reside in mucosal tissues and are vital for host defense and maintaining homeostasis.
  • ILCs interact closely with the microbiota, influencing immunity against pathogens and commensals.
  • Unlike adaptive immune cells, ILCs lack antigen receptors, necessitating alternative mechanisms for sensing microbial signals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the mechanisms by which innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) interact with the microbiota.
  • To highlight the roles of ILCs in mucosal immunity and host-microbe interactions.

Main Methods:

  • This review synthesizes existing literature on ILC-microbiota interactions.
  • Focuses on three key interaction mechanisms: accessory cell mediation, metabolic pathways, and adaptive immune cell participation.

Main Results:

  • Accessory cells, such as dendritic cells, mediate ILC-microbiota communication.
  • Microbiota and dietary metabolites directly influence ILC function and responses.
  • Adaptive immune cells can also modulate ILC activity in response to microbial stimuli.

Conclusions:

  • ILCs employ diverse strategies to sense and respond to microbial signals, crucial for immune homeostasis.
  • Understanding these mechanisms is key to developing therapeutic strategies for mucosal immune-related diseases.