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Updated Review on Treatment of Atopic Dermatitis
J C Armario-Hita1, M Galán-Gutiérrez2, J M Dodero-Anillo3
1Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Universitario de Puerto Real, Universidad de Cádiz, Cadiz, Spain.
Summary
This review examines topical and systemic treatments for moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (AD). It highlights newer therapies like Janus kinase (JAK) and interleukin (IL) inhibitors, offering guidance for optimal drug selection.
Area of Science:
- Dermatology
- Immunology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a complex, chronic inflammatory skin condition with varied triggers and immune-mediated factors.
- The heterogeneity of AD presents challenges in diagnosis and treatment, necessitating a review of available therapeutic options.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the efficacy and safety of current topical and systemic drugs for moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis.
- To provide evidence-based guidance for selecting optimal therapies among the growing number of treatment options.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of current literature on atopic dermatitis treatments.
- Summarization of pivotal clinical trials and real-world data for topical and systemic drugs.
- Evaluation of safety and efficacy profiles of various therapeutic agents.
Main Results:
- Topical corticosteroids and calcineurin inhibitors remain foundational treatments.
- Systemic Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors (upadacitinib, baricitinib, abrocitinib, gusacitinib) show significant efficacy.
- Biologics targeting interleukin (IL) pathways (dupilumab, tralokinumab, lebrikizumab, nemolizumab) are effective for moderate-to-severe AD.
Conclusions:
- A wide array of effective topical and systemic treatments are available for moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis.
- Understanding the efficacy, safety, and real-world data of these drugs is crucial for personalized treatment selection.
- Emerging therapies, including JAK inhibitors and IL inhibitors, offer new hope for managing this complex skin condition.
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