Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Criteria for Causality: Bradford Hill Criteria - II01:28

Criteria for Causality: Bradford Hill Criteria - II

386
The Bradford Hill criteria serve as guidelines for establishing causative links in epidemiological research. Beyond Strength, Consistency, Specificity, and Temporality, key criteria also include Biological Gradient, Plausibility, Coherence, Experiment, and Analogy. These principles assist scientists in assessing the likelihood of causation in complex biological contexts. Below is a summary of these concepts:
386
Constant Volume Calorimetry02:41

Constant Volume Calorimetry

27.2K
Calorimeters are useful to determine the heat released or absorbed by a chemical reaction. Coffee cup calorimeters are designed to operate at constant (atmospheric) pressure and are convenient to measure heat flow (or enthalpy change) accompanying processes that occur in solution at constant pressure. A different type of calorimeter that operates at constant volume, colloquially known as a bomb calorimeter, is used to measure the energy produced by reactions that yield large amounts of heat and...
27.2K
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Atomization Methods01:25

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Atomization Methods

589
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) atomizes samples through flame atomization or electrothermal atomization. Flame atomization typically involves a nebulizer and spray chamber assembly to combine the sample with a fuel–oxidant mixture, creating a fine aerosol mist that enters a burner. Typically, the fuel and oxidant are combined in an approximately stoichiometric ratio. However, for atoms that are easily oxidized, a fuel-rich mixture may be more advantageous. Only about 5% of the...
589
Hazard Rate01:11

Hazard Rate

141
The hazard rate, also known as the hazard function or failure rate, is a statistical measure used to describe the instantaneous rate at which an event occurs, given that the event has not yet happened. From a probabilistic perspective, it represents the likelihood that a subject will experience the event in a very small time interval, conditional on surviving up to the beginning of that interval. In terms of frequency, the hazard rate can be viewed as the ratio of the number of events to the...
141
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Interference01:30

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Interference

233
In atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), high-temperature atomizers excite a broad range of elements and molecules that generate complex emissions from sources such as oxides, hydroxides, and flame combustion products in the flame or plasma. Several strategies can be employed to minimize spectral interferences caused by overlapping emission lines or bands. These include increasing instrument resolution, choosing alternative emission lines, optimally placing the detector in low-background regions,...
233
Flame Photometry: Overview01:02

Flame Photometry: Overview

674
Flame photometry, also known as flame emission spectrometry, is a technique used for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of elements present in a sample using a flame as the source of excitation energy. The concept of flame photometry was realized in the early 1860s by Kirchhoff and Bunsen, who discovered that specific elements emit characteristic radiation when excited in flames. The first instrument developed for this purpose was used to measure sodium (Na) in plant ash using a Bunsen...
674

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Machine Learning-Assisted SERS Quantification of Sialylated Alpha-Fetoprotein: From Single-Cell Analysis to Hepatocellular Carcinoma Risk Assessment.

Small methods·2026
Same author

Pemt Inhibition-Mediated Vdac1 Oligomerization Regulates Mitochondrial Dysfunction, Apoptosis, and Inflammation in High-Fat Diet-Derived Liver Injury.

Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)·2026
Same author

A long-term (2000-2022), high-resolution (0.005°) aboveground biomass dataset of global grasslands.

Scientific data·2026
Same author

Phosphoethanolamine cytidylyltransferase 2 integrates DAG metabolism and TBK1 activation to regulate antiviral innate immunity.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026
Same author

Staged Audiovisual Speech Integration and Altered Early-Stage Audiovisual Processing in Autistic Children: An EEG Investigation.

Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research·2026
Same author

Expression and Localization of NMDA Receptor GluN2 Subunits in Dorsal Horn Pain Circuits across Sex, Species, and Late Postnatal Development.

The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 26, 2025

Blast Quantification Using Hopkinson Pressure Bars
09:41

Blast Quantification Using Hopkinson Pressure Bars

Published on: July 5, 2016

9.1K

FRAM-based causal analysis and barrier measures to mitigate dust explosions: A case study.

Meng Zhang1, Lei Zhang1, Xiong Cao1

  • 1School of Environment and safety Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan, P. R. China.

Plos One
|June 15, 2023
PubMed
Summary

This study analyzes dust explosion accidents using the Functional Resonance Analysis Method (FRAM). FRAM identifies critical system changes and proposes targeted barrier measures to prevent future industrial dust explosions and casualties.

More Related Videos

Laser-heating and Radiance Spectrometry for the Study of Nuclear Materials in Conditions Simulating a Nuclear Power Plant Accident
09:18

Laser-heating and Radiance Spectrometry for the Study of Nuclear Materials in Conditions Simulating a Nuclear Power Plant Accident

Published on: December 14, 2017

10.5K
Research and Development of High-performance Explosives
10:33

Research and Development of High-performance Explosives

Published on: February 20, 2016

17.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 26, 2025

Blast Quantification Using Hopkinson Pressure Bars
09:41

Blast Quantification Using Hopkinson Pressure Bars

Published on: July 5, 2016

9.1K
Laser-heating and Radiance Spectrometry for the Study of Nuclear Materials in Conditions Simulating a Nuclear Power Plant Accident
09:18

Laser-heating and Radiance Spectrometry for the Study of Nuclear Materials in Conditions Simulating a Nuclear Power Plant Accident

Published on: December 14, 2017

10.5K
Research and Development of High-performance Explosives
10:33

Research and Development of High-performance Explosives

Published on: February 20, 2016

17.6K

Area of Science:

  • Industrial Safety
  • Accident Analysis
  • Systems Engineering

Background:

  • Rising incidence of dust explosion accidents and casualties necessitates improved prevention strategies.
  • Traditional linear causality models are insufficient for complex industrial accidents.
  • The Kunshan factory dust explosion highlights the need for advanced analytical methods.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the causes of the Kunshan factory dust explosion using the Functional Resonance Analysis Method (FRAM).
  • To propose effective barrier measures to prevent future dust explosions.
  • To introduce a novel approach for accident analysis and prevention in industrial settings.

Main Methods:

  • Application of the Functional Resonance Analysis Method (FRAM) to a specific dust explosion case.
  • Examination of functional unit changes within the production system during the accident.
  • Identification of system function coupling as the driver of the explosion.
  • Development of barrier measures for critical functional units and emergency systems.

Main Results:

  • FRAM successfully identified key functional parameters that triggered and propagated the dust explosion.
  • The study elucidated how changes in functional units coupled to cause the accident.
  • Specific barrier measures were developed for identified critical functional units.
  • Emergency systems were defined to prevent the propagation of changes and resonance.

Conclusions:

  • FRAM offers a novel systems-based approach to understanding and preventing industrial accidents like dust explosions.
  • Identifying and managing changes in functional units is crucial for mitigating dust explosion risks.
  • Targeted barrier measures and emergency systems are essential for preventing accident recurrence.