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Nano-biosensor for SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 detection: methods, mechanism and interface design
Yansheng Liu1,2, Zhenle Qin1, Jin Zhou1
1School of Electronic Engineering, Guangxi University of Science and Technology Liuzhou 545616 Guangxi China.
RSC Advances
|June 16, 2023
Summary
This review explores advanced nano-biosensors for detecting SARS-CoV-2, the virus causing COVID-19. These novel sensors offer faster, more accessible alternatives to traditional RT-PCR methods for widespread disease surveillance.
Area of Science:
- Nanotechnology
- Biomedical Engineering
- Infectious Disease Diagnostics
Background:
- The COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 has highlighted the need for rapid and efficient diagnostic tools.
- Traditional RT-PCR methods for SARS-CoV-2 detection have limitations including long turnaround times, requirement for specialized equipment, and trained personnel.
- Developing alternative diagnostic strategies is crucial for effective disease control and public health management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review and summarize various nano-biosensor technologies for SARS-CoV-2 detection.
- To elucidate the sensing mechanisms and bioprobes employed in these advanced diagnostic platforms.
- To discuss the potential of nano-biosensors in overcoming the limitations of current SARS-CoV-2 testing methods.
Main Methods:
- Review of literature on nano-biosensors for SARS-CoV-2 detection.
- Summarization of sensing mechanisms including surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), surface plasmon resonance (SPR), field-effect transistor (FET), fluorescence, and electrochemical methods.
- Introduction of various bioprobes such as ACE2, S protein-antibody, and SARS-CoV-2 DNA probes.
Main Results:
- Nano-biosensors utilizing SERS, SPR, FET, fluorescence, and electrochemical principles offer promising alternatives for SARS-CoV-2 detection.
- Different bioprobes enable specific and sensitive detection of viral components and genetic material.
- Challenges in detecting SARS-CoV-2 RNA mutations are also addressed.
Conclusions:
- Nano-biosensors present a viable and advantageous approach for sensitive and selective SARS-CoV-2 detection.
- These technologies have the potential to improve diagnostic accessibility and speed compared to RT-PCR.
- Further research and development in nano-biosensor design are encouraged to combat the COVID-19 pandemic and future infectious disease threats.
