Therapeutic Applications of Curcumin and Derivatives in Colorectal Cancer

Curcumin (CUR), a natural phenolic compound, has been increasingly investigated in several malignancies due to its safe profile and ability to affect a wide range of oncogenic targets. With the ability to affect metastasis, apoptosis, and angiogenesis in colorectal cancer (CRC) and its tolerability at high doses, CUR is an attractive target for study. However, poor bioavailability and unfavorable pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics have hampered CUR's efficacy in clinical trials. Development of its derivatives and alternative delivery methods have shown the potential to overcome its inherent bioavailability issues. Recent analyses of various derivatives and nanoparticle encapsulation of CUR have demonstrated increased effectiveness in CRC studies. A major advantage of CUR has been its synergistic effects when used in combination with various chemotherapeutic agents. CUR offers a unique treatment option in terms of patient safety and its ability to be used in combination with current treatments for CRC. Further development of its derivatives and alternative delivery options offer potential new avenues of treatment that could outperform previous efforts to establish CUR as a CRC therapy.