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Related Concept Videos

Magnetic Resonance Imaging01:24

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive medical imaging technique based on a phenomenon of nuclear physics discovered in the 1930s, in which matter exposed to magnetic fields and radio waves was found to emit radio signals. In 1970, a physician and researcher named Raymond Damadian noticed that malignant (cancerous) tissue gave off different signals than normal body tissue. He applied for a patent for the first MRI scanning device in clinical use by the early 1980s. The early MRI...
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In vivo 19F MRI for Cell Tracking
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A primer on in vivo cell tracking using MRI.

Hai-Ling Margaret Cheng1,2,3

  • 1Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.

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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) enables non-invasive cell tracking with high resolution and deep penetration. This review covers established and emerging MRI methods for diverse applications like cancer and stem cell research.

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cellular imaging and cell trackingferritingadoliniumiron oxidemanganesereporter gene

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Imaging
  • Cellular Biology
  • Medical Technology

Background:

  • In vivo cell tracking is crucial for understanding biological processes and disease progression.
  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) offers unique advantages for non-invasive cell tracking, including high spatial resolution, deep tissue penetration, and 3D visualization without ionizing radiation.
  • Decades of advancements in contrast agents and imaging physics have yielded diverse MRI probes and methods for cell tracking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review established and emerging in vivo cell tracking approaches using MRI.
  • To describe various contrast generation mechanisms for MRI cell tracking.
  • To analyze the advantages, limitations, and challenges of different MRI cell tracking techniques.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive review of literature on MRI cell tracking techniques.
  • Analysis of contrast agent chemistry and imaging physics.
  • Discussion of established and emerging MRI cell tracking methodologies.
  • Quantitative comparisons of different approaches where possible.

Main Results:

  • MRI offers significant advantages for non-invasive cell tracking, including high resolution, unlimited depth, 3D visualization, no ionizing radiation, and long-term monitoring.
  • A wide array of MRI probes and methods have been developed over three decades.
  • Established and emerging MRI cell tracking approaches utilize diverse contrast generation mechanisms.

Conclusions:

  • MRI is a powerful tool for non-invasive cell tracking with broad applications.
  • Key application areas include tracking cancer metastasis, immunotherapy, and stem cell regeneration.
  • Further development is needed to address persistent challenges and optimize MRI cell tracking for clinical translation.