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Ginsenoside Rg3 Protects Mouse Islet β-Cells Injured by High Glucose
Jing Xu1, Xiaoyu Fan1, Mou Zhu1
1School of Medical Technology, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, 161006 China.
Abstract:
To investigate the effect of Ginsenoside Rg3 on insulin secretion in mouse MIN6 cells and the possible mechanism. The cultured mouse pancreatic islet MIN6 cells were divided into control group (NC), Rg3 group (Rg3, 50 μg/L), high glucose group (HG, 33 mmol/L), High glucose and Rg3 group (HG + Rg3), after 48 h of continuous culture, CCK-8 was used to detect cell viability; mouse insulin enzyme-linked immunoassay kit to detect insulin release; ATP content detection kit to detect ATP; DCFH-DA to detect intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels; total glutathione (T-GSH)/oxidized glutathione (GSSG) assay kit to detect the ratio of GSH/GSSG; Using the mitochondrial membrane channel pore (MPTP) fluorescence detection kit in MIN6 cells and collect the intensity of green fluorescence; Western blot to detect the expression of antioxidant proteins Glutathione reductase (GR). The results showed that compared with the NC group, the cell viability of the HG was decreased (P < 0.05), insulin release decreased (P < 0.001), ATP content decreased significantly (P < 0.001), and ROS content increased (P < 0.01), the GSH/GSSH ratio of pancreatic islet cells decreased (P < 0.05),the green fluorescence intensity decreased (P < 0.001), indicating that the permeability of mitochondria increased and the content of antioxidant protein in the cells decreased (P < 0.05). Compared with the HG group, the cell viability of the HG + Rg3 group was significantly increased (P < 0.05), the amount of insulin released was significantly increased (P < 0.001), ATP content was significantly increased (P < 0.01), and the ROS content was significantly decreased (P < 0.01), GSH/GSSH ratio increased significantly (P < 0.05), the green fluorescence intensity was increased (P < 0.001), indicating that the permeability of mitochondria decreased and antioxidant protein GR content increased significantly (P < 0.05). Taken together, our results suggest that Rg3 has an antioxidant protective effect on mouse pancreatic islet cells damaged by high glucose and maintains pancreatic islet cell function and promotes insulin secretion.
Insights
Ginsenoside Rg3 protects mouse pancreatic islet cells from high glucose damage by reducing oxidative stress and enhancing insulin secretion. This study demonstrates Rg3
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Cell Biology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- High glucose levels can impair pancreatic islet cell function, leading to reduced insulin secretion.
- Oxidative stress plays a critical role in high glucose-induced pancreatic islet cell damage.
- Ginsenoside Rg3 is a compound with potential therapeutic properties.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the protective effects of Ginsenoside Rg3 on mouse pancreatic islet MIN6 cells under high glucose conditions.
- To elucidate the underlying mechanisms, including its impact on insulin secretion, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial function.
Main Methods:
- Mouse pancreatic islet MIN6 cells were treated with high glucose and/or Ginsenoside Rg3.
- Cell viability was assessed using CCK-8 assay.
- Insulin release, ATP content, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and glutathione redox state (GSH/GSSG) were measured.
- Mitochondrial membrane potential and the expression of antioxidant protein Glutathione reductase (GR) were evaluated.
Main Results:
- High glucose significantly reduced cell viability, insulin secretion, and ATP content, while increasing ROS levels and mitochondrial permeability.
- Ginsenoside Rg3 treatment counteracted these effects, significantly improving cell viability, insulin secretion, and ATP content.
- Rg3 also reduced ROS levels, restored the GSH/GSSG ratio, decreased mitochondrial permeability, and increased GR expression in high glucose-exposed cells.
Conclusions:
- Ginsenoside Rg3 exhibits significant antioxidant and protective effects on mouse pancreatic islet cells damaged by high glucose.
- Rg3 helps maintain pancreatic islet cell function and promotes insulin secretion by mitigating oxidative stress and improving mitochondrial integrity.
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