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Ginsenoside Rg3 Protects Mouse Islet β-Cells Injured by High Glucose.

Jing Xu1, Xiaoyu Fan1, Mou Zhu1

  • 1School of Medical Technology, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, 161006 China.

Indian Journal of Microbiology
|June 16, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Ginsenoside Rg3 protects mouse pancreatic islet cells from high glucose damage by reducing oxidative stress and enhancing insulin secretion. This study demonstrates Rg3

Keywords:
Ginsenoside Rg3High glucoseIslet β-cellsMitochondrial damageOxidative stress

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Cell Biology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • High glucose levels can impair pancreatic islet cell function, leading to reduced insulin secretion.
  • Oxidative stress plays a critical role in high glucose-induced pancreatic islet cell damage.
  • Ginsenoside Rg3 is a compound with potential therapeutic properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the protective effects of Ginsenoside Rg3 on mouse pancreatic islet MIN6 cells under high glucose conditions.
  • To elucidate the underlying mechanisms, including its impact on insulin secretion, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial function.

Main Methods:

  • Mouse pancreatic islet MIN6 cells were treated with high glucose and/or Ginsenoside Rg3.
  • Cell viability was assessed using CCK-8 assay.
  • Insulin release, ATP content, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and glutathione redox state (GSH/GSSG) were measured.
  • Mitochondrial membrane potential and the expression of antioxidant protein Glutathione reductase (GR) were evaluated.

Main Results:

  • High glucose significantly reduced cell viability, insulin secretion, and ATP content, while increasing ROS levels and mitochondrial permeability.
  • Ginsenoside Rg3 treatment counteracted these effects, significantly improving cell viability, insulin secretion, and ATP content.
  • Rg3 also reduced ROS levels, restored the GSH/GSSG ratio, decreased mitochondrial permeability, and increased GR expression in high glucose-exposed cells.

Conclusions:

  • Ginsenoside Rg3 exhibits significant antioxidant and protective effects on mouse pancreatic islet cells damaged by high glucose.
  • Rg3 helps maintain pancreatic islet cell function and promotes insulin secretion by mitigating oxidative stress and improving mitochondrial integrity.