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The long non-coding RNA MALAT1 regulates intestine host-microbe interactions and polyposis
Tianyun Long1, Juan E Hernandez1, Shengyun Ma1
1Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States.
Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology
|June 16, 2023
Summary
The long non-coding RNA MALAT1 influences gut microbes and cancer. It restricts early cancer but promotes later progression, impacting patient survival.
Area of Science:
- Molecular Biology
- Genomics
- Microbiome Research
Background:
- The long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) MALAT1 is known for maintaining intestinal epithelial barrier integrity and regulating inflammation.
- Its role in modulating intestinal microbial communities and cancer development susceptibility is largely unknown.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the function of MALAT1 in regulating host anti-microbial responses and gut microbial composition.
- To determine MALAT1's role in intestinal tumorigenesis and its impact on cancer progression.
Main Methods:
- Utilized the APC mutant mouse model for intestinal tumorigenesis.
- Performed gene expression analysis and genomic assays to identify MALAT1 targets and mechanisms.
- Analyzed mucosal-associated microbial communities and polyp characteristics.
Main Results:
- MALAT1 regulates anti-microbial gene expression and regional gut microbial composition.
- Loss of MALAT1 increased polyp counts but reduced polyp size in the APC mouse model.
- MALAT1 levels, specifically ZNF638 and SENP8, predict patient survival in colon adenoma.
Conclusions:
- MALAT1 exhibits a dual role in cancer, restricting early stages while promoting later progression.
- MALAT1 influences intestinal homeostasis, microbial communities, and cancer pathogenesis through direct and indirect mechanisms.
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