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Epidemiology and Predisposing Factors of Post-COVID Venous Thrombosis: A Concise Review

Giuseppe Lippi1, Emmanuel J Favaloro2,3,4

  • 1Section of Clinical Biochemistry and School of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.

Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis
|June 16, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Patients hospitalized with COVID-19 face a heightened risk of venous thromboembolism post-discharge, particularly older men with prolonged hospital stays or intensive care. Extended thromboprophylaxis may benefit high-risk individuals.

Area of Science:

  • Internal Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Cardiology

Background:

  • Long-coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a complex syndrome with persistent symptoms after acute infection.
  • Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a significant post-discharge complication for hospitalized COVID-19 patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify risk factors for VTE in patients after COVID-19 hospitalization.
  • To inform strategies for managing VTE risk in the post-COVID-19 period.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of hospitalized COVID-19 patients.
  • Identification of demographic, clinical, and treatment-related risk factors for VTE.

Main Results:

  • VTE risk remains elevated post-discharge, especially in older males, those with longer hospital stays, and intensive care unit (ICU) admission.
  • Lack of thromboprophylaxis and persistent prothrombotic states increase VTE risk.
  • Mechanical ventilation and aggressive treatments correlate with higher VTE incidence.

Conclusions:

  • High-risk COVID-19 patients require closer monitoring for post-discharge thrombosis.
  • Extended thromboprophylaxis and/or antiplatelet therapy may be beneficial for preventing VTE in susceptible individuals.

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