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Understanding How Gender Transformative Interventions Affect Adolescent Sexuality: A Cross-Cultural Perspective
Kara Hunersen1, Mengmeng Li1, Anggriyani Wahyu Pinandari2
1Department of Population and Family Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland.
Summary
Early adolescent sexual and reproductive health (SRH) interventions show promise. Programs improved knowledge and communication, but impact varied by location and gender, highlighting the need for tailored approaches.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Adolescent Health
- Sexual and Reproductive Health
Background:
- Early adolescence is crucial for developing healthy sexual and reproductive health (SRH) knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors.
- A gap exists in interventions for very young adolescents addressing multilevel influences on healthy sexuality.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine facilitators and barriers in two SRH programs in Indonesia and the Democratic Republic of Congo.
- To elucidate the impact of interventions on young adolescent sexuality.
Main Methods:
- Evaluation of the Growing Up Great! (GUG) and Semangat Dunia Remaja (Teen Aspirations) interventions using the Global Early Adolescent Study survey.
- Difference-in-difference analysis comparing changes in SRH knowledge, communication, and attitudes over time between intervention and control groups.
Main Results:
- Both interventions improved pregnancy and HIV knowledge; Semangat Dunia Remaja also enhanced SRH communication.
- Intervention impact varied by site in Indonesia, with greater improvements in Semarang.
- Gender-specific effects were observed, with girls showing advancements in SRH communication and knowledge in Kinshasa and Semarang.
Conclusions:
- Interventions for very young adolescents can enhance SRH knowledge, communication, and attitudes.
- Program impact is contingent on context and implementation fidelity.
- Future SRH programs should integrate community and environmental factors influencing adolescent sexuality.
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