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Effects of immunomodulators on candidacidal activity of normal peritoneal cells in BALB/c mice
Abstract:
Macrophages which play an important role in host resistance against infections are considered to be a target for various immunomodulators. In order to examine the effects of selected immunomodulators on macrophage function, the effects of N-(2-mercapto-2-methylpropanoyl)-L-cysteine (SA96), levamisole (LMS) and D-penicillamine (D-Pc) on the candidacidal activity of the normal peritoneal cells (PC) were investigated. In the in vitro studies, SA96 increased the candidacidal activity of PC 4-fold, while D-Pc and LMS treatments did not increase this activity. In the ex vivo studies, PC obtained from the mice pre-treated with SA96, D-Pc and LMS showed a high candidacidal activity. Elevated candidacidal activity was not due to changes of cell types of PC populations. These results suggest that D-Pc and LMS activate the function of macrophage in vivo and SA96 activates the function both in vitro and in vivo.
Insights
N-(2-mercapto-2-methylpropanoyl)-L-cysteine (SA96), D-penicillamine (D-Pc), and levamisole (LMS) were tested for their effects on macrophage function. SA96 enhanced candidacidal activity in vitro and in vivo, while D-Pc and LMS showed effects only in vivo.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Macrophages are crucial for host defense against infections.
- Immunomodulators are being explored to enhance macrophage function.
- Understanding the impact of specific compounds on macrophage activity is essential.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effects of N-(2-mercapto-2-methylpropanoyl)-L-cysteine (SA96), levamisole (LMS), and D-penicillamine (D-Pc) on macrophage candidacidal activity.
- To differentiate between in vitro and ex vivo effects of these immunomodulators.
Main Methods:
- In vitro assessment of candidacidal activity of peritoneal cells (PC) treated with SA96, LMS, and D-Pc.
- Ex vivo assessment of PC from mice pre-treated with SA96, LMS, and D-Pc.
- Analysis of PC populations to rule out changes in cell types.
Main Results:
- SA96 significantly increased candidacidal activity of PC in vitro (4-fold).
- D-Pc and LMS did not enhance candidacidal activity in vitro.
- SA96, D-Pc, and LMS pre-treatment of mice led to enhanced candidacidal activity of their PC ex vivo.
- No significant changes in PC populations were observed.
Conclusions:
- SA96 demonstrates both in vitro and in vivo activation of macrophage function.
- D-Pc and LMS activate macrophage function primarily in vivo.
- These findings highlight differential mechanisms of immunomodulatory action.