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Fibroblast Activation Protein Expression in Sarcomas.

Jacquelyn N Crane1, Danielle S Graham2, Christine E Mona3

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology, Stem Cell Transplantation & Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, 1000 Welch Rd, Suite 300, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA.

Sarcoma
|June 19, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Fibroblast activation protein alpha (FAP) is expressed in most sarcoma samples. Further research is needed to explore FAP

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Cancer Biology
  • Biomarker Research

Background:

  • Fibroblast activation protein alpha (FAP) is a key marker in cancer-associated fibroblasts, prevalent in epithelial cancers.
  • Its expression and role in sarcomas, a diverse group of connective tissue tumors, remain largely uncharacterized.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate FAP expression patterns in various sarcoma subtypes.
  • To assess the potential of FAP as a diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic marker in sarcomas.

Main Methods:

  • Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to evaluate FAP expression in 63 sarcoma tissue samples and 30 adjacent normal tissues.
  • Semiquantitative and qualitative scoring systems assessed FAP intensity and density in stromal and tumor cells.
  • RNA sequencing data from public databases (n=10,626) compared FAP expression across cancer types and analyzed its association with overall survival (OS) in 168 sarcoma patients.

Main Results:

  • The majority of sarcoma samples exhibited significant FAP expression in both stromal (77.7%) and tumor cells (50.7%).
  • Specific sarcoma types, including desmoid fibromatosis and undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma, showed medium to high FAP scores.
  • Sarcomas demonstrated high mean FAP expression compared to other cancer types in RNA sequencing analysis.
  • No significant correlation was found between FAP expression levels and overall survival in sarcoma patients.

Conclusions:

  • Sarcomas frequently display FAP expression in both stromal and tumor compartments.
  • FAP warrants further investigation as a potential diagnostic and therapeutic target in sarcoma research.