Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 26, 2025
07:55
Visualization of DNA Repair Proteins Interaction by Immunofluorescence
Published on: June 26, 2020
10.3K
RNA Helicase DDX3 Regulates RAD51 Localization and DNA Damage Repair in Ewing Sarcoma
Matthew E Randolph1,2, Marwa Afifi3, Aparna Gorthi4
1Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY.
Biorxiv : the Preprint Server for Biology
|June 19, 2023
Summary
RNA helicase DDX3X (DDX3) uniquely impacts DNA damage repair in Ewing sarcoma by affecting RAD51 localization. Inhibiting DDX3 enhances EWS sensitivity to radiation therapy.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Molecular Biology
- Genetics
Background:
- RNA helicase DDX3X (DDX3) is a potential therapeutic target in Ewing sarcoma (EWS).
- The precise biological function of DDX3 in EWS, particularly in DNA damage repair (DDR), is not fully understood.
Conclusions:
- DDX3 plays a critical role in regulating DNA damage repair in Ewing sarcoma by controlling RAD51 localization.
- Targeting DDX3 activity offers a novel therapeutic strategy to enhance the efficacy of radiation treatment in EWS.
- This research opens avenues for developing therapies that manipulate DDR protein localization in solid tumors.
Keywords:
DDX3Ewing sarcomaRAD51RK-33RNA:DNA hybridsdoublestranded DNA damage repairhomologous recombinationionizing radiationsubcellular localizationMore Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
02:31Homologous Recombination
50.7K
The basic reaction of homologous recombination (HR) involves two chromatids that contain DNA sequences sharing a significant stretch of identity. One of these sequences uses a strand from another as a template to synthesize DNA in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. The final product is a novel amalgamation of the two substrates. To ensure an accurate recombination of sequences, HR is restricted to the S and G2 phases of the cell cycle. At these stages, the DNA has been replicated already and the...
50.7K
02:37DNA Damage can Stall the Cell Cycle
9.2K
In response to DNA damage, cells can pause the cell cycle to assess and repair the breaks. However, the cell must check the DNA at certain critical stages during the cell cycle. If the cell cycle pauses before DNA replication, the cells will contain twice the amount of DNA. On the other hand, if cells arrest after DNA replication but before mitosis, they will contain four times the normal amount of DNA. With a host of specialized proteins at their disposal,cells must use the right protein at...
9.2K
01:38Nucleotide Excision Repair
3.6K
DNA Distortion and Damage
Cells are regularly exposed to mutagens—factors in the environment that can damage DNA and generate mutations. UV radiation is one of the most common mutagens and is estimated to introduce a significant number of changes in DNA. These include bends or kinks in the structure, which can block DNA replication or transcription. If these errors are not fixed, the damage can cause mutations, which in turn can result in cancer or disease depending on which sequences are...
Cells are regularly exposed to mutagens—factors in the environment that can damage DNA and generate mutations. UV radiation is one of the most common mutagens and is estimated to introduce a significant number of changes in DNA. These include bends or kinks in the structure, which can block DNA replication or transcription. If these errors are not fixed, the damage can cause mutations, which in turn can result in cancer or disease depending on which sequences are...
3.6K
02:37Restarting Stalled Replication Forks
5.8K
DNA replication is initiated at sites containing predefined DNA sequences known as origins of replication. DNA is unwound at these sites by the minichromosome maintenance (MCM) helicase and other factors such as Cdc45 and the associated GINS complex.The unwound single strands are protected by replication protein A (RPA) until DNA polymerase starts synthesizing DNA at the 5’ end of the strand in the same direction as the replication fork. To prevent the replication fork from falling apart,...
5.8K
00:55DNA Helicases
21.6K
DNA unwinding helicase enzymes are a type of motor protein. Motor proteins can translocate along filaments or polymers using energy generated from ATP hydrolysis. Helicases are involved in all the important cellular processes where DNA unwinding is required, such as DNA replication, repair, recombination, and transcription. They are present in all living organisms, but vary in their structure, function, and mechanism of action. For example, in prokaryotes, DnaB helicase binds and translocates...
21.6K
02:04Fixing Double-strand Breaks
12.7K
The double-stranded structure of DNA has two major advantages. First, it serves as a safe repository of genetic information where one strand serves as the back-up in case the other strand is damaged. Second, the double-helical structure can be wrapped around proteins called histones to form nucleosomes, which can then be tightly wound to form chromosomes. This way, DNA chains up to 2 inches long can be contained within microscopic structures in a cell. A double-stranded break not only damages...
12.7K