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Updated: Jul 26, 2025

From Molecules to Materials: Engineering New Ionic Liquid Crystals Through Halogen Bonding
Published on: March 24, 2018
Boron-π interactions in two 3-(dihydroxyboryl)anilinium salts analyzed by crystallographic studies and supported by
Jacobo Rivera-Segura1, Victor Barba1, Iran F Hernandez-Ahuactzi2
1Centro de Investigaciones Químicas-IICBA, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad No. 1001, Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos, C.P. 62209, Mexico.
Abstract:
In the title compounds, 3-(dihydroxyboryl)anilinium bisulfate monohydrate, C6H9BNO2+·HSO4-·H2O (I), and 3-(dihydroxyboryl)anilinium methyl sulfate, C6H9BNO2+·CH3SO4- (II), the almost planar boronic acid molecules are linked by pairs of O-H...O hydrogen bonds, forming centrosymmetric motifs that can be described by the graph-set R22(8) motif. In both crystals, the B(OH)2 group acquires a syn-anti conformation (with respect to the H atoms). The presence of the hydrogen-bonding functional groups B(OH)2, NH3+, HSO4-, CH3SO4- and H2O generates three-dimensional hydrogen-bonded networks, in which the bisulfate (HSO4-) and methyl sulfate (CH3SO4-) counter-ions act as the central building blocks within the crystal structures. Furthermore, in both structures, the packing is stabilized by weak boron-π interactions, as shown by noncovalent interactions (NCI) index calculations.
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Halogenation is another class of electrophilic addition reactions where a halogen molecule gets added across a π bond. In alkynes, the presence of two π bonds allows for the addition of two equivalents of halogens (bromine or chlorine). The addition of the first halogen molecule forms a trans-dihaloalkene as the major product and the cis isomer as the minor product. Subsequent addition of the second equivalent yields the tetrahalide.
Intermolecular Forces