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Related Concept Videos

Urine Studies II: Urine Culture and Sensitivity Test01:26

Urine Studies II: Urine Culture and Sensitivity Test

61
A urine culture and sensitivity test is a diagnostic procedure used to identify urinary tract bacterial infections and determine the most effective antibiotics for treatment. This test is generally preferred when a patient shows manifestations of a urinary tract infection, such as frequent or painful urination, cloudy or foul-smelling urine, or lower abdominal pain.Purpose of the TestThe primary goals of a urine culture and sensitivity test are to:Determine the specific bacteria causing the...
61

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 26, 2025

A Neonatal Imaging Model of Gram-Negative Bacterial Sepsis
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Procalcitonin for Detecting Culture-Positive Sepsis in Neonates: A Prospective, Multicenter Study.

Suman Chaurasia1, Pratima Anand2, Akash Sharma3

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.

Neonatology
|June 19, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Serum procalcitonin (PCT) testing in neonates suspected of sepsis showed low diagnostic accuracy for detecting culture-positive sepsis. The study concluded that PCT is not a reliable indicator for this condition in newborns.

Keywords:
Diagnostic accuracyLikelihood ratioNeonatal sepsisProcalcitoninSensitivity

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Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Clinical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Early detection of sepsis in neonates is crucial for timely treatment and improved outcomes.
  • Serum procalcitonin (PCT) is a biomarker investigated for its potential in diagnosing bacterial infections, including neonatal sepsis.
  • The utility of PCT in identifying culture-positive sepsis in neonates remains uncertain.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the diagnostic performance of serum procalcitonin (PCT) in detecting culture-positive sepsis in neonates.
  • To determine the sensitivity, specificity, and likelihood ratios of PCT for identifying culture-proven sepsis in the neonatal population.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective study was conducted in four level-3 Indian units from February 2016 to September 2020.
  • Neonates suspected of sepsis within the first 28 days of life were enrolled, with specific exclusion criteria.
  • Blood cultures and serum PCT levels were obtained before antibiotic initiation; diagnosis was based on culture results and clinical course.

Main Results:

  • Of 1,204 neonates with eligible cultures, 155 (12.9%) had culture-positive sepsis.
  • At a PCT threshold of 2 ng/mL, sensitivity was 52.3% and specificity was 64.5%.
  • The positive likelihood ratio was 1.47 and the negative likelihood ratio was 0.74, indicating limited diagnostic value.

Conclusions:

  • Serum procalcitonin (PCT) demonstrated insufficient diagnostic accuracy to reliably identify culture-positive sepsis in neonates.
  • The findings suggest that PCT alone is not a dependable biomarker for confirming sepsis in this vulnerable population.