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Updated: Jul 26, 2025

Comprehensive Endovascular and Open Surgical Management of Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformations
Published on: October 20, 2017
Endoscopic-assisted Orbitotomy for Obliteration of Orbital Arteriovenous Fistula Refractory to Endovascular
Hossein Ghahvehchian1, Nasser Karimi1, Mohsen Bahmani Kashkouli2
1Ophthalmology Department, Eye Research Center, The Five Senses Health Institute, Rassoul Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Abstract:
Orbital arteriovenous fistula is a rare acquired disorder. The coincidence of arteriovenous fistula with lymphaticovenous malformation is even rarer. The optimal treatment, thus, is controversial. Surgical approaches vary widely, with associated pros and cons. The purpose of this case report is to describe an orbital arteriovenous fistula in a 25-year-old man with congenital fronto-orbital lymphaticovenous malformation, refractory to endovascular techniques, which was later successfully ablated by a direct endoscopic-assisted orbital approach.
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