Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 26, 2025
Pre-Chiasmatic, Single Injection of Autologous Blood to Induce Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in a Rat Model
Published on: June 18, 2021
Characteristics of Retrobulbar Hemorrhage Presentation in the Emergency Department
Justin K Tram1, Denis R Pauze2, Edward J Wladis1,3
1Ophthalmic Plastic Surgery, Lions Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Albany Medical College, Albany (Slingerlands), New York, U.S.A.
Purpose:
To describe demographic and clinical features of emergency department patients presenting with fracture-associated (FA) or fracture-independent retrobulbar hemorrhage (RBH).
Methods:
The Nationwide Emergency Department Sample database 2018 and 2019 was used to compare demographic and clinical features of patients with fracture-independent RBH and FA RBH.
Results:
A total of 444 fracture-independent and 359 FA RBH patients were identified. Demographics such as age distribution, gender, and payer type differed significantly, with young (21-44 years), privately insured males more likely to develop FA RBH and the elderly (65+ years) more likely to develop fracture-independent RBH. Prevalence of hypertension and anticoagulation did not differ, but substance use and ocular-related injuries were more prevalent in the FA RBH.
Conclusion:
Presentations of RBH differ in demographic and clinical features. Further research is needed to explore trends and guide decision-making in the emergency department.
Related Concept Videos
01:29Pulmonary Embolism I: Introduction
01:30Epistaxis
Etiology
Possible causes of this condition include high blood pressure, trauma, low humidity, upper respiratory tract infections, allergies, foreign bodies, nasal inhalation of corticosteroids or illicit drugs, excessive use of decongestant nasal sprays, facial or nasal surgery, anatomic malformation, tumors, or systemic...
01:28Esophageal Varices-II: Clinical Features and Management
In the initial assessment, a thorough review of the patient's medical history is vital to identify risk factors such as liver disease, alcohol...
01:14SBAR II: Application of SBAR
SBAR Report from a Nurse to a Health Care Provider
S: "Hello, Dr. Smith. This is Jane, RN, from the Med Surg unit. I am calling to tell you about Ms. White in Room 210, who is experiencing increased pain and redness at her incision site. Her recent...