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Related Experiment Video

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Analyzing Beneficial Effects of Nutritional Supplements on Intestinal Epithelial Barrier Functions During Experimental Colitis

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Published on: January 5, 2017

Nutritional strategies during gastrointestinal dysfunction.

Rob J J van Gassel^1,2,3, Julia L M Bels^1,3, Marcel C G van de Poll^1,2,3

¹Department of Intensive Care Medicine.

Current Opinion in Critical Care

|June 20, 2023

Summary

Gastrointestinal dysfunction in critically ill patients impairs nutrient delivery, complicating nutrition therapy. Further research into diagnosis and pathophysiology is needed to improve patient outcomes.

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Area of Science:

Critical care medicine
Gastroenterology
Nutritional science

Background:

Gastrointestinal (GI) dysfunction is prevalent in critically ill patients, correlating with adverse outcomes.
Impaired nutrient delivery due to GI dysfunction presents a significant clinical challenge.
This review focuses on the impact of GI dysfunction on nutrition therapy in critical illness.

Approach:

Summarizes the effects of GI dysfunction on nutrition therapy.
Updates on recent nutritional strategies for GI dysfunction.
Discusses challenges in diagnosing and treating GI dysfunction due to lack of uniform definitions.

Key Points:

Prognostic scoring systems for GI dysfunction exist but lack uniform definitions, hindering diagnosis and treatment.
Recent research explores altered GI motility, nutrient digestion/absorption, and metabolic consequences in ICU patients.
Various strategies to enhance nutrient delivery are discussed, though supporting evidence for routine use is often limited.

Conclusions:

GI dysfunction frequently complicates critical illness and negatively impacts nutrition therapy.
Available strategies aim to improve nutrient delivery, but evidence for routine application requires further investigation.
Enhanced understanding of GI dysfunction's diagnosis and pathophysiology is crucial for improving patient outcomes.