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Attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity: a critique.

M Prior, A Sanson

    Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, and Allied Disciplines
    |May 1, 1986
    PubMed
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    The Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity (ADDH) classification faces challenges in defining and distinguishing childhood disorders. Re-evaluation of the ADDH concept is necessary for accurate psychiatric classification.

    Area of Science:

    • Child Psychiatry
    • Psychiatric Classification Systems
    • Developmental Disorders

    Background:

    • The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Third Edition (DSM-III) introduced Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity (ADDH).
    • Previous frameworks for evaluating psychiatric classifications, such as Rutter's (1977) criteria, provide a basis for assessment.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To critically evaluate the DSM-III category of Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity (ADDH).
    • To assess ADDH against established criteria for adequate psychiatric classification.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of the operationalization and definition of 'attention deficit' within the DSM-III ADDH category.
    • Examination of the diagnostic utility of ADDH in differentiating from other childhood disorders.

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  • Assessment of the ADDH category against Rutter's (1977) criteria for classification adequacy.

    • Main Results:

    • Difficulties were identified in the operationalization and precise definition of 'attention deficit'.
    • The ADDH rubric proved inadequate for distinguishing it from other related childhood disorders.
    • The classification failed to meet several key criteria for a robust psychiatric diagnosis.

    Conclusions:

    • The current conceptualization of Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity (ADDH) requires significant re-appraisal.
    • The diagnostic challenges highlight the need for refinement in classifying childhood behavioral and attention disorders.