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Antimicrobial and Biodegradable 3D Printed Scaffolds for Orthopedic Infections.
Anshu Dubey1, Henri Vahabi2, Vignesh Kumaravel1
1International Centre for Research on Innovative Biobased Materials (ICRI-BioM)─International Research Agenda, Lodz University of Technology Żeromskiego 116, Lodz 90-924, Poland.
ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering
|June 20, 2023
Summary
Antibacterial scaffolds created using 3D, 4D, and 5D printing offer a promising solution to combat microbial infections in bone tissue engineering. These advanced scaffolds exhibit excellent mechanical strength, biocompatibility, and long-term antibacterial efficacy for improved bone healing.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Orthopedic Surgery
- Regenerative Medicine
Background:
- Microbial infection poses a significant challenge in bone tissue engineering, compromising scaffold performance and bone healing.
- Current scaffolds often lack sufficient antibacterial properties, increasing the risk of infection during the treatment of bone defects.
Purpose of the Study:
- To critically investigate the significance of antibacterial scaffolds manufactured using 3D, 4D, and 5D printing technologies for bone tissue engineering.
- To explore materials and strategies for developing effective antibacterial scaffolds with desirable mechanical and biological properties.
Main Methods:
- Review of literature on advanced printing technologies (3D, 4D, 5D) for creating antibacterial bone scaffolds.
- Analysis of various antimicrobial materials incorporated into scaffolds, including antibiotics, polymers, peptides, graphene, metals, ceramics, glass, and coatings.
- Evaluation of the mechanical, physical, biological, and degradation characteristics of these scaffolds.
Main Results:
- 3D-printed antibacterial scaffolds demonstrate significant progress, offering a blend of mechanical strength, biocompatibility, and antimicrobial activity.
- Incorporation of diverse materials like polymers, metals, and peptides enhances scaffold efficacy against microbial infections.
- Biodegradable polymeric or metallic scaffolds show exceptional mechanical behavior, biocompatibility, osteogenesis, and sustained antibacterial efficiency.
Conclusions:
- Advanced printing technologies are crucial for developing next-generation antibacterial scaffolds in bone tissue engineering.
- Further research is needed to address commercialization aspects and overcome technical challenges for ideal scaffold materials in combating bone infections.
