Recovery From Otitis Media and Associated Factors Among 1- to 6-Year-Old Children in South India: A Longitudinal
Sathya Harinath1, Somu Lakshmanan2, Saji James3
1Department of Audiology, Sri Ramachandra Faculty of Audiology and Speech Language Pathology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (DU), Chennai, India.
Insights
Recurrent otitis media (OM) affects 26% of children, with higher risks for otitis media with effusion (OME), significant hearing loss, specific tympanogram types, and older age groups.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Otolaryngology
- Audiology
Background:
- Otitis media (OM) is a common childhood illness.
- Understanding recurrence factors is crucial for effective management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess otitis media recovery in children aged 1-6 years.
- To identify variables associated with OM recurrence.
Main Methods:
- 87 children with OM underwent otological and audiological assessments.
- Medication compliance was ensured, with follow-up at 3 months.
- Statistical analysis identified risk factors for recurrence based on hearing loss, tympanometry, age, and sex.
Main Results:
- The overall OM recurrence rate was 26%.
- Higher recurrence risk was associated with otitis media with effusion (OME), severe hearing loss (up to 60 dBnHL), B and C tympanograms, and the 5-6 year age group.
- No significant difference in recurrence risk was observed between sexes.
Conclusions:
- OM recurrence rates in this cohort are comparable to international benchmarks.
- Children with OME, severe pathology, or aged 5-6 years require intensified monitoring to mitigate recurrence risk.
Background And Objectives:
This study was aimed at assessing recovery from otitis media (OM) and variables associated with it among 1- to 6-year-old children. Subjects and.
Methods:
We assessed 87 children with OM otologically and audiologically. Medicines were prescribed, and medication compliance was ensured. The children were followed up after 3 months to judge the status of OM as resolved or recurrent. Data were statistically analyzed to derive the risk of recurrence of OM with effusion (OME) and acute OM by degree of hearing loss, type of tympanogram, age group, and sex.
Results:
The overall recurrence rate was 26%. The risk of recurrence was higher for OME (odds ratio [OR]=4.33; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.90 to 9.83); at AC auditory brainstem peak V responses up to 40 dBnHL (OR=5.20; 95% CI: 2.05 to 13), 50 dBnHL (OR=3.47; 95% CI: 0.5 to 23), and 60 dBnHL (OR=16.09; 95% CI: 4.36 to 1.2); in B (OR= 3.16; 95% CI: 1.36 to 7.33) and C tympanograms (OR=2.83; 95% CI: 0.70 to 11.41); and in the age group of 5-6 years (OR=8, 95% CI: 2.23 to 28). The risk of recurrence of OM did not differ between male and female patients.
Conclusions:
The rate of recurrence was comparable to or lower than that reported in the pediatric population of other countries. The findings suggest that children with OME, severe pathology, or age of 5-6 years require more attention and frequent monitoring to minimize the risk of recurrence.
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