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Nanocellulose Reinforced Hyaluronan-Based Bioinks.

Andrea Träger1, Sajjad Naeimipour1, Michael Jury1

  • 1Laboratory of Molecular Materials, Division of Biophysics and Bioengineering, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Linköping University, 581 83 Linköping, Sweden.

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Summary

This study introduces novel hyaluronan-based bioinks using cellulose oxalate nanofibrils for 3D bioprinting. These shear-thinning bioinks enable the creation of stable, cell-laden structures with excellent cell viability.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Engineering
  • Tissue Engineering
  • Bioprinting Technologies

Background:

  • Hydrogel-based bioinks are crucial for fabricating 3D cell-laden structures.
  • Key requirements for bioinks include printability, shape fidelity, biocompatibility, and support for cell viability.
  • Existing bioinks often face limitations in achieving structural stability and complex geometries.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel shear-thinning bioink for 3D bioprinting.
  • To enhance the mechanical properties and long-term stability of hydrogel-based bioinks.
  • To assess the biocompatibility and cell viability of the developed bioink system.

Main Methods:

  • Incorporation of cellulose oxalate nanofibrils into hyaluronan-based hydrogels.
  • Characterization of the bioink's rheological properties (shear thinning behavior).
  • Fabrication of free-standing multilayer structures using 3D bioprinting.
  • Covalent cross-linking post-printing for enhanced stability.
  • Assessment of hydrogel storage modulus and cell viability (primary human dermal fibroblasts).

Main Results:

  • The developed bioink exhibited shear-thinning properties suitable for facile extrusion.
  • Free-standing multilayer structures were successfully printed and showed long-term stability after covalent cross-linking.
  • The storage modulus of the hydrogels was tunable (0.5–1.5 kPa).
  • High cell viability (>80%) was maintained for primary human dermal fibroblasts at day 7 post-seeding.
  • Cells tolerated the bioprinting process well, with viability >80% at 24 hours post-printing.

Conclusions:

  • Cellulose oxalate nanofibril-reinforced hyaluronan hydrogels serve as effective shear-thinning bioinks.
  • This bioink system supports the fabrication of stable, complex 3D structures with excellent cell viability.
  • The developed hydrogel holds significant potential for applications in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.