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Neurodegeneration and epigenetics: A review
1Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Kalapet, Puducherry 605014, India.
Neurologia
|June 21, 2023
Summary
Epigenetic alterations in neuronal cells impact neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. Future treatments must focus on targeted, non-cytotoxic epigenetic drugs for effective neuroprotection.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Epigenetics
- Genomics
Background:
- Neuronal function and differentiation are regulated by genome and epigenome.
- Environmental factors induce epigenetic changes, and their dysregulation contributes to neurodegeneration.
- Epigenetic modifications are implicated in memory and various neurodegenerative disorders.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate diverse epigenome alterations in neuronal cells across different neurodegenerative disorder models.
- To understand the impact of epigenetic modifications on neurodegenerative diseases and memory.
- To explore the unique neuroepigenetic profile in Prion Disease.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of epigenetic modifications (chromatin modification, DNA methylation, regulatory RNAs) in neuronal cells.
- Comparative study across various model organisms for neurodegenerative disorders.
- Review of current therapeutic strategies targeting epigenetic modifications.
Main Results:
- Identified various epigenome alterations in neuronal cells of neurodegenerative models.
- Confirmed the significant impact of epigenetic modifications on neurodegenerative disorders and memory.
- Observed distinct neuroepigenetic patterns in Prion Disease compared to other neurodegenerative conditions.
Conclusions:
- Epigenetic modifications play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Huntington's diseases.
- Current epigenetic drugs targeting histone deacetylases and DNA methyltransferases have limitations in targeted delivery and cytotoxicity.
- Future therapeutic strategies for neurodegenerative disorders must prioritize the development of targeted and non-cytotoxic epigenetic drugs.
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