Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 26, 2025

Studying TGF-β Signaling and TGF-β-induced Epithelial-to-mesenchymal Transition in Breast Cancer and Normal Cells
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Studying TGF-β Signaling and TGF-β-induced Epithelial-to-mesenchymal Transition in Breast Cancer and Normal Cells

Published on: October 27, 2020

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Small extracellular vesicle TGF-β in cancer progression and immune evasion

Reza Hosseini1, Nashmin Hosseinzadeh2, Leila Asef-Kabiri2

  • 1Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. reza.hosseini6970@sbmu.ac.ir.

Cancer Gene Therapy
|June 21, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) within small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) drives cancer progression and immune evasion. Understanding sEV-TGF-β is crucial for developing new cancer diagnostics and therapies.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Cell Biology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is a key cytokine in physiology and disease.
  • TGF-β critically influences multiple facets of cancer biology.
  • Emerging evidence highlights TGF-β within small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) in tumor development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the packaging, release, and signaling of TGF-β in cancer-associated sEVs (sEV-TGF-β).
  • To explore the roles of sEV-TGF-β in tumor growth, progression, and metastasis.
  • To examine sEV-TGF-β's function in subverting anti-tumor immunity.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on preclinical and clinical studies.
  • Analysis of molecular mechanisms of sEV-TGF-β packaging and release.
  • Synthesis of data on sEV-TGF-β's impact on tumor microenvironment and immune response.

Main Results:

  • sEV-TGF-β is actively released by tumor, immune, and stromal cells.
  • sEV-TGF-β promotes tumor development, growth, and metastasis.
  • sEV-TGF-β plays a significant role in immune evasion and subversion of anti-tumor responses.

Conclusions:

  • sEV-TGF-β is a critical mediator of cancer progression and immune evasion.
  • Understanding sEV-TGF-β offers insights into tumor biology.
  • sEV-TGF-β holds significant diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic potential in oncology.

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