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Convergence in Mobility Data Sets From Apple, Google, and Meta.

Gustavo Sganzerla Martinez1,2, David J Kelvin1,2

  • 1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.

JMIR Public Health and Surveillance
|June 22, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Human mobility trends converged across major tech companies during the COVID-19 pandemic and a Texas winter storm. This data is crucial for public health decision-making during disasters.

Keywords:
AppleCOVID-19COVID-19 mobilityGoogleMetaassetdatadata setmobilemobilityoperating systempandemicpatternsystemtoolvalidation

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Data Science

Background:

  • Human mobility significantly influenced the spread of SARS-CoV-2 during the COVID-19 pandemic.
  • Governments implemented movement restrictions to curb disease transmission.
  • Tech companies like Apple, Google, and Meta provided anonymized user mobility data.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare mobility data from Apple, Google, and Meta during the COVID-19 pandemic and a 2021 Texas winter storm.
  • To test the hypothesis that distinct populations exhibit similar mobility trends during major events.
  • To highlight the value of aggregated mobility data for public health and encourage data sharing.

Main Methods:

  • Collected and analyzed mobility data from Apple, Google, and Meta spanning 2020-2022.
  • Focused analysis on 58 countries common to all three datasets for global scale.
  • Utilized the 2021 Texas winter storm as a benchmark to validate data robustness.

Main Results:

  • Observed strong convergence in mobility trends across companies during the pandemic's first year (r=0.96).
  • Similar convergence of trends was noted during the 2021 Texas winter storm.
  • Data reflected stay-at-home orders with record-low mobility and high stay-at-home figures.

Conclusions:

  • Disruptive events significantly impact human mobility patterns.
  • Convergent data from multiple sources enhances the value for public health decision-making.
  • Mobility data is a valuable asset for health authorities during natural disasters; single-source data is limited.