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Related Concept Videos

Somatosensation01:33

Somatosensation

36.7K
The somatosensory system relays sensory information from the skin, mucous membranes, limbs, and joints. Somatosensation is more familiarly known as the sense of touch. A typical somatosensory pathway includes three types of long neurons: primary, secondary, and tertiary. Primary neurons have cell bodies located near the spinal cord in groups of neurons called dorsal root ganglia. The sensory neurons of ganglia innervate designated areas of skin called dermatomes.
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Sensory Functions of the Skin01:16

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The skin is the largest organ of the human body and plays a crucial role in our sensory perception. It contains a vast network of sensory receptors that contribute to the skin's protective function by perceiving physical, biological, and environmental cues and generating relevant responses.
There are two main categories of receptors on the skin: capsulated and non-capsulated. The non-capsulated ones are mainly the pain receptors. The capsulated ones can be further categorized based on the...
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Somatic Spinal Reflexes01:22

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Somatic spinal reflexes are rapid, involuntary muscular responses to external stimuli that involve the somatic musculature and the spinal cord.
One of the most well-known somatic spinal reflexes is the stretch reflex, which is activated by the sudden stretching of a muscle. This reflex involves the activation of specialized sensory receptors called muscle spindles, which are located in the muscle tissue and detect changes in the length and speed of muscle contractions. When a muscle is suddenly...
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Tactile and Chemical Senses01:27

Tactile and Chemical Senses

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Tactile senses encompass touch, temperature, and pain, each mediated by specific receptors. Touch receptors detect mechanical energy or pressure against the skin. Sensory fibers from these receptors enter the spinal cord and relay information to the brain stem. Here, most fibers cross over to the opposite side of the brain. The touch information then moves to the thalamus, which projects a map of the body's surface onto the somatosensory areas of the parietal lobes in the cerebral cortex.
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Reticular Dermis01:15

Reticular Dermis

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The papillary and reticular dermis are the two layers of the dermis. They are made of connective tissue with fibers of collagen extending from one to the other, making the border between the two somewhat indistinct. The dermal papillae extending into the epidermis belong to the papillary layer, whereas the dense collagen fiber bundles below belong to the reticular layer.
Reticular Layer
Underlying the papillary layer is the much thicker reticular layer, composed of dense, irregular connective...
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Design Example: Resistive Touchscreen01:14

Design Example: Resistive Touchscreen

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A device engineer plays a crucial role in designing user interfaces for mobile devices. One such interface is the resistive touchscreen, which fundamentally consists of two metallic layers: a flexible upper layer and a rigid lower layer, separated by a narrow gap. The high resistance between these two layers is a key characteristic of this design.
When a user touches the screen, the two layers make contact at a specific point known as the touchpoint. This contact reduces the resistance between...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 26, 2025

Somatosensory Event-related Potentials from Orofacial Skin Stretch Stimulation
06:56

Somatosensory Event-related Potentials from Orofacial Skin Stretch Stimulation

Published on: December 18, 2015

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Tactile localization on stretched skin.

Weixi Kang1, Matthew R Longo2

  • 1UK DRI Care Research and Technology Center, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London.

Journal of Experimental Psychology. Human Perception and Performance
|June 22, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The somatosensory system ignores skin stretch when determining touch location on the hand. This finding suggests tactile localization does not adapt to skin deformation during movement.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Sensory Perception
  • Human Physiology

Background:

  • Tactile perception is crucial for interacting with the environment.
  • Limb movement involves skin stretch, which can alter the perceived spatial locations of stimuli.
  • Previous research indicates skin stretch influences limb posture perception.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of skin stretch on tactile localization accuracy on the hand.
  • To determine if the somatosensory system accounts for skin deformation when localizing touch.
  • To compare tactile localization performance under static and stretched skin conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized an established tactile localization task on the hand.
  • Recruited twenty participants who provided informed consent.
  • Compared localization performance in no-stretch and stretched skin conditions.

Main Results:

  • A consistent distal and radial bias was observed in both conditions.
  • The distal bias increased significantly under skin stretch.
  • This increased bias was fully explained by the physical displacement of the stimulus due to stretch, not a change in perceived location.

Conclusions:

  • The somatosensory system appears to disregard skin stretch when calculating the perceived location of tactile stimuli.
  • This suggests a lack of adaptation to skin deformation in tactile localization.
  • Findings align with research indicating tactile distance perception also does not account for skin stretch.