Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 26, 2025

Author Spotlight: Investigating HR-Dependent Cardiac Function in Mouse Models Through a Novel Atrial-Pacing Approach
07:49

Author Spotlight: Investigating HR-Dependent Cardiac Function in Mouse Models Through a Novel Atrial-Pacing Approach

Published on: July 21, 2023

1.4K

Heart failure in children and adolescents: an update on diagnostic approaches and management

Amit Agrawal1, Dalwinder Janjua2, Abdulrahman Ahmed Alsayed Ali Zeyada3

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Gandhi Medical College, Bhopal, MP, India.

Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
|June 23, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric heart failure (PHF) requires distinct diagnostic and therapeutic strategies compared to adults. Evaluating interrelated factors and considering PHF pathophysiology is crucial for effective management and improved outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Cardiology
  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Clinical Pediatrics

Background:

  • Pediatric heart failure (PHF) is a complex syndrome resulting from cardiac dysfunction or structural heart disease in children.
  • Distinct diagnostic and therapeutic approaches are necessary for PHF compared to adult heart failure.
  • Understanding the unique pathophysiology of PHF is essential for effective clinical management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current literature on pediatric heart failure (PHF) management.
  • To highlight recent advances in PHF diagnostics and therapies.
  • To emphasize the need for tailored treatment strategies in pediatric patients.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature search of MEDLINE/PubMed, Google Scholar, and Clinical Trial Registries.
  • Keywords included "pediatric heart failure," "heart failure in children," "management," and "decongestive therapy."
  • Review focused on diagnostic advancements and therapeutic considerations for PHF.

Main Results:

  • Recent diagnostic tools like cardiac MRI and advanced echocardiography have improved PHF understanding.
  • Evaluation must encompass myocardial function, hemodynamics, rhythm, valve function, and nutritional status.
  • Efficacy of adult heart failure drugs in children is uncertain due to heterogeneous mechanisms and variable pharmacokinetics.

Conclusions:

  • Clinicians must consider interrelated factors and PHF-specific pathophysiology when selecting therapies.
  • Further clinical trials are essential to establish the efficacy and safety of drugs in pediatric populations.
  • A multidisciplinary approach is vital for enhancing outcomes in pediatric heart failure.

Keywords:
ChildHeart diseaseHeart failurePediatricsTachycardia

More Related Videos

Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction09:20

Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction

Published on: February 13, 2021

6.5K
A Surgical Model of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction in Tibetan Minipigs07:09

A Surgical Model of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction in Tibetan Minipigs

Published on: February 18, 2022

1.9K

Related Concept Videos

Heart Failure V: Medical Management01:30

Heart Failure V: Medical Management

Medical Management of Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF)The primary goals of therapy for patients hospitalized with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) include:Relieving symptomsOptimizing volume statusSupporting oxygenation and ventilationMaintaining cardiac output (CO) and end-organ perfusionIdentifying and addressing the cause of ADHFPreventing complicationsProviding patient education on factors precipitating HF exacerbationPlanning for dischargeOngoing monitoring and assessment...
15
Heart Failure VI: Adjunct Therapies01:22

Heart Failure VI: Adjunct Therapies

Additional therapies for treating patients with heart failure (HF) may include procedural interventions, supplemental oxygen, the management of sleep disorders, and nutritional therapy.Procedural InterventionsImplantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator: For patients at risk of life-threatening arrhythmias due to severe left ventricular dysfunction, an Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator (ICD) can detect and terminate these arrhythmias, preventing sudden cardiac death and improving survival rates.
16
Heart Failure IV: Classification and Diagnostic Evaluation01:30

Heart Failure IV: Classification and Diagnostic Evaluation

Heart failure can be classified in various ways, with the most common classifications based on physical activity limitations, disease progression, severity, and treatment strategies.The Functional Classification of Heart Failure divides patients into four categories based on physical activity limitation due to symptom burden.Class I: Patients in this class have cardiac disease but no physical activity limitations. Ordinary activities like walking, climbing stairs, or routine tasks do not cause...
20
Heart Failure VII: Nursing Interventions01:30

Heart Failure VII: Nursing Interventions

The first step in nursing management of a patient with heart failure involves thoroughly assessing the patient's medical history.Subjective Data: Obtain the patient's medical history of coronary artery disease, hypertension, myocardial infarction, and symptoms like dyspnea, orthopnea, and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea.Objective Data: Conduct a physical examination to identify findings such as jugular vein distention, pulmonary crackles, tachycardia, murmurs, peripheral edema, and vital signs,...
111
Cardiomyopathy V: Interprofessional Care01:29

Cardiomyopathy V: Interprofessional Care

Managing cardiomyopathy involves addressing underlying or precipitating causes, treating heart failure with medications, and implementing dietary changes and a balanced exercise and rest regimen.Lifestyle ModificationsCardiomyopathy patients should adopt a low-sodium diet to reduce fluid retention and manage heart failure. A personalized exercise and rest plan helps maintain physical fitness without overstraining the heart. Avoiding alcohol and tobacco is essential to prevent further damage to...
18
Cardiomyopathy II: Dilated Cardiomyopathy01:30

Cardiomyopathy II: Dilated Cardiomyopathy

Dilated cardiomyopathy, or DCM, is a progressive myocardial disorder characterized by ventricular chamber dilation and contractile dysfunction.EtiologyVarious factors can cause DCM, including hypertension and heavy alcohol intake, which contribute to the weakening and enlargement of the heart muscle. Viral infections, such as Coxsackievirus B, adenoviruses, and influenza, can lead to DCM by causing inflammation and damage to heart tissue. Certain chemotherapeutic agents, including daunorubicin,...
11