Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 25, 2025

Noninvasive Sampling of Mucosal Lining Fluid for the Quantification of In Vivo Upper Airway Immune-mediator Levels
05:31

Noninvasive Sampling of Mucosal Lining Fluid for the Quantification of In Vivo Upper Airway Immune-mediator Levels

Published on: August 7, 2017

10.4K

Factors associated with respiratory morbidity in the first year of life

Samantha M Lessa1, Daniela C Tietzmann2, Sérgio L Amantéa1

  • 1Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Departamento de Pediatria, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.

Jornal De Pediatria
|June 23, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Maternal smoking and short breastfeeding duration increase infant respiratory illness risk in Brazil. Being born in the South also poses a higher risk for respiratory morbidity.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Respiratory morbidity is a significant health concern in infants.
  • Socioeconomic and nutritional factors may influence respiratory health outcomes.
  • Regional disparities in Brazil may impact infant health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between socioeconomic and nutritional factors with respiratory morbidity in the first year of life.
  • To examine these associations across different regions of Brazil.

Main Methods:

  • A nested case-control study was conducted in three Brazilian cities.
  • 222 children were included, with cases defined as those with a history of asthma, bronchiolitis, or pneumonia.
  • Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to assess risk factors.

Main Results:

  • Maternal smoking (OR=2.12) and breastfeeding for less than six months (OR=2.05) were significantly associated with increased respiratory disease risk.
  • Infants born in the Southern region of Brazil had a higher risk of respiratory morbidity.
  • Ultra-processed food consumption did not show a significant association with respiratory disease.

Conclusions:

  • Maternal smoking, insufficient breastfeeding, and birth in Southern Brazil are identified risk factors for infant respiratory morbidity.
  • Ultra-processed food consumption, despite high prevalence, did not emerge as a significant risk factor in this study.
Abstract

Keywords:
Acute respiratory infectionChildRisk factors

More Related Videos

An In vitro Model to Study Immune Responses of Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells to Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection09:01

An In vitro Model to Study Immune Responses of Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells to Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection

Published on: December 10, 2013

7.9K
Protocol and Guidelines for Point-of-Care Lung Ultrasound in Diagnosing Neonatal Pulmonary Diseases Based on International Expert Consensus06:15

Protocol and Guidelines for Point-of-Care Lung Ultrasound in Diagnosing Neonatal Pulmonary Diseases Based on International Expert Consensus

Published on: March 6, 2019

50.0K

Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Cycle: Exhalation01:17

Pulmonary Cycle: Exhalation

In terms of human respiration, the act of expelling air, known as exhalation (or expiration), operates on the principle of pressure gradients. During expiration, the pressure within the lungs exceeds that of the surrounding atmosphere. Under normal conditions, quiet breathing involves passive exhalation and is free of muscular contractions. This is because the exhalation process is driven by the natural elastic recoil of the lungs and chest wall, both of which have an inherent tendency to...
1.6K
Factors Affecting Pulmonary Ventilation01:19

Factors Affecting Pulmonary Ventilation

Besides the pressure difference between the external environment and the lungs, the airflow rate and ease of pulmonary ventilation are also influenced by three other factors: surface tension of the fluid in the alveoli, compliance of the lungs, and airway resistance.
Alveolar Surface Tension
The alveolar fluid lines the luminal surface of the alveoli and exerts a force called surface tension. This force is caused by the polar water molecules in the liquid being more strongly attracted to each...
1.5K
Factors Affecting Respiration01:24

Factors Affecting Respiration

Respiration is a crucial physiological function involving exchanging oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) between an organism and its environment. Various factors can impact this essential process:
5.3K
Assessment of Respiration01:23

Assessment of Respiration

The respiratory system's basic structures and primary functions lay the foundation for nurses' comprehensive respiratory assessments. This assessment includes subjective and objective data to gauge the patient's respiratory health.
Subjective Assessment: Nurses interview the patient to gather information directly during the subjective assessment. It includes questions about the individual's medical history, medications, and symptoms, focusing on past respiratory conditions like...
1.2K
Acute Respiratory Failure-II01:21

Acute Respiratory Failure-II

Type I Respiratory Failure, or hypoxemic respiratory failure, occurs when the partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) in arterial blood falls below 60 mmHg while breathing room air without a corresponding increase in arterial carbon dioxide levels (PaCO2). This condition highlights a significant impairment in the lungs' capacity to oxygenate the blood.
The underlying physiological abnormalities that contribute to hypoxemic respiratory failure include:
285
Breathing01:05

Breathing

The process of breathing, inhaling and exhaling, involves the coordinated movement of the chest wall, the lungs, and the muscles that move them. Two muscle groups with important roles in breathing are the diaphragm, located directly below the lungs, and the intercostal muscles, which lie between the ribs. When the diaphragm contracts, it moves downward, increasing the volume of the thoracic cavity and creating more room for the lungs to expand. When the intercostal muscles contract, the ribs...
59.8K