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Related Concept Videos

Gene Therapy00:59

Gene Therapy

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Gene therapy is a technique where a gene is inserted into a person’s cells to prevent or treat a serious disease. The added gene may be a healthy version of the gene that is mutated in the patient, or it could be a different gene that inactivates or compensates for the patient’s disease-causing gene. For example, in patients with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) due to a mutation in the gene for the enzyme adenosine deaminase, a functioning version of the gene can be...
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Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
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Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine02:50

Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine

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Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
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Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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Cancer Therapies02:49

Cancer Therapies

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Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
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Cancer Vaccines01:30

Cancer Vaccines

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Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
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Defining Gene Functions in Tumorigenesis by Ex vivo Ablation of Floxed Alleles in Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor Cells
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Gene therapy in cancer.

Büşra Cesur-Ergün1,2, Devrim Demir-Dora1,2,3

  • 1Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Pharmacology, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey.

The Journal of Gene Medicine
|June 24, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Gene therapy introduces therapeutic genes to combat cancer by targeting cell death or growth. While not yet replacing conventional treatments, it holds future promise for controlling cancer as a standalone or combination therapy.

Keywords:
CAR T cell therapybiomedicinebiotechnological drugsbiotherapeuticscancer gene therapycancer therapygene medicinegene therapy

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Gene therapy is an emerging cancer treatment involving the introduction of therapeutic genes into cancer cells.
  • Various strategies exist, including gene activation/silencing, utilizing diverse genes and vectors.
  • Current gene therapy approaches for cancer encompass oncogene inhibition, tumor suppressor gene activation, immunotherapy, suicide gene therapy, and antiangiogenic gene therapy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the fundamental principles of gene therapy.
  • To categorize and explain different gene therapy strategies employed in cancer treatment.
  • To discuss currently approved gene medicines for cancer and the future outlook of gene therapy in oncology.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of gene therapy strategies in cancer.
  • Analysis of approved gene medicines for cancer treatment.
  • Exploration of future directions and potential of gene therapy in oncology.

Main Results:

  • Gene therapy offers multiple strategies to target cancer, including activating tumor suppressors and inhibiting oncogenes.
  • Several gene therapies are approved for cancer treatment, indicating clinical progress.
  • Gene therapy is not yet a replacement for conventional therapies but shows significant potential.

Conclusions:

  • Gene therapy is a developing field with diverse strategies for cancer treatment.
  • While not a current standalone solution, gene therapy is poised to become a crucial component of future cancer care, potentially making cancer a manageable disease.
  • Further understanding of cancer mechanisms will refine gene therapy's application as monotherapy or in combination treatments.