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A directional spectrum evolution model for ship noise.

Michael G Brown1

  • 1Rosenstiel School of Marine, Atmospheric and Earth Sciences, University of Miami, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, Florida 33149, USA.

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This study presents a new model for underwater acoustic noise, focusing on ship noise. The model accurately simulates how ship noise changes over time and direction, matching real-world observations.

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Area of Science:

  • Ocean acoustics
  • Acoustic propagation modeling
  • Underwater noise pollution

Background:

  • Underwater acoustic noise, particularly from shipping, is a significant environmental factor.
  • Understanding the spatiotemporal evolution of acoustic noise is crucial for marine ecosystem monitoring.
  • Existing models may not fully capture the transient and anisotropic nature of ship noise.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and apply a radiation transport equation for modeling underwater acoustic noise.
  • To simulate the evolution of the directional noise spectrum from a passing ship.
  • To account for key physical phenomena affecting underwater sound propagation from ships.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a radiation transport equation for the directional spectrum of underwater acoustic noise.
  • Employed a ray-based algorithm to solve the transport equation.
  • Numerically simulated the noise spectrum evolution from a passing ship.

Main Results:

  • The model successfully simulated the spatiotemporal evolution of ship noise.
  • It accounted for the transient nature, anisotropy, and directional dependence of radiated ship noise.
  • Predictions showed qualitative agreement with observational data.

Conclusions:

  • The developed radiation transport model effectively describes underwater ship noise.
  • The ray-based approach provides a viable method for simulating complex acoustic scenarios.
  • The model has potential for predicting acoustic fields at distant locations based on ship activity.