Wheat-like Ni-coated core-shell silver nanowires for effective electromagnetic wave absorption

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Nanotechnology
• Electromagnetism

Background:

• Growing electromagnetic pollution necessitates advanced functional materials.
• High electrical conductivity materials can cause secondary pollution due to impedance mismatch.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop high-performance electromagnetic wave absorbing materials.
• To investigate silver nanowire@nickel (AgNW@Ni) composites for electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding.

Main Methods:

• Fabrication of wheat-like AgNW@Ni composites using a one-pot in-situ growth method.
• Tuning electromagnetic properties by adjusting precursor ratios and Ni shell thickness.
• Characterization of morphological and electromagnetic properties.

Main Results:

• AgNW@Ni composites exhibited tunable electromagnetic properties based on precursor ratios.
• Optimal Ag and Ni molar ratio (1:1.1) yielded minimum reflection loss (RLmin) of -61.1 dB and effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of 4.06 GHz.
• The composite demonstrated excellent impedance matching, heterostructures, and synergistic electrical/magnetic losses, with stable performance over three months (RLmin -39.7 dB).

Conclusions:

• Wheat-like AgNW@Ni composites show significant potential as effective electromagnetic wave absorbers.
• The material's tunable properties and long-term stability make it suitable for practical electromagnetic protection applications.
• This study offers a promising pathway for developing advanced materials to mitigate electromagnetic pollution.