[Research Progress of Carboxymethyl Chitosan-Based Haemostatic Materials and Their Haemostatic Mechanism --Review]

Effective haemostatic materials can quickly control bleeding and achieve the purpose of saving patients' lives. In recent years, chitosan-based haemostatic materials have shown good haemostatic effects, but their application is limited because chitosan is almost insoluble in water. Carboxymethyl chitosan-based haemostatic materials can promote hemostasis by activating red blood cells and aggregating platelets. In addition, carboxymethyl chitosan can bind with Ca²⁺ to activate platelets and coagulation factors, and start endogenous coagulation pathways, which can adsorb fibrinogen in plasma to promote haemostasis. In this paper, the latest research progress of carboxymethyl chitosan-based haemostatic materials and their haemostatic mechanism were reviewed, in order to further strengthen the understanding of the haemostatic mechanism of carboxymethyl chitosan-based haemostatic materials, and provide new idea for the research and clinical application of carboxymethyl chitosan-based haemostatic materials.