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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 25, 2025

Using Multilayered Hydrogel Bioink in Three-Dimensional Bioprinting for Homogeneous Cell Distribution
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3D Printing of Ionogels with Complementary Functionalities Enabled by Self-Regulating Ink.

Jiahui Huang1, Zhenchuan Yu1, Peiyi Wu1,2

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.

Advanced Science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)
|June 25, 2023
PubMed
Summary

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Researchers developed a novel 3D printing ink using ionogels. This versatile ink allows for the creation of complex structures with tunable mechanical properties, mimicking natural systems like spiderwebs.

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science and Engineering
  • Additive Manufacturing
  • Biomimicry

Background:

  • 3D printing of soft and conductive materials enables advanced applications, including bio-inspired robotics.
  • Existing multi-material 3D printing struggles with achieving complementary functionalities within a single ink design due to printability and synergy challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To address the limitations in creating 3D printed objects with distinct yet complementary properties from a single ink formulation.
  • To develop an easily accessible and self-regulating ionogel-based ink for advanced 3D printing applications.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a tricomponent ionogel-based ink with tunable component ratios.
  • Utilizing 3D printing to fabricate objects with varying mechanical properties (Young's modulus spanning three orders of magnitude).
Keywords:
3D printingbio-inspired materialsdirect-ink-write (DIW)ionogelsmechanically tunablesoft materials

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  • Employing a theoretical model for predicting and controlling printing resolution.

    • Main Results:

    • Demonstrated the ability to achieve distinct mechanical properties (rigid to viscous) from the same base ink by altering component ratios.
    • Successfully fabricated a bio-inspired spiderweb prototype exhibiting complex structure and multiple functions.
    • The 3D printed spiderweb mimicked natural functions, including camouflage and underwater operation.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed ionogel ink design strategy overcomes challenges in achieving complementary functionalities in 3D printed materials.
    • This approach significantly broadens material choices for 3D printing complex artificial systems.
    • Provides valuable guidance for constructing diverse bio-inspired structures using additive manufacturing.