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Clinical Features Comparing Arterial Thrombosis and Venous Thromboembolism in Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19:

Michihisa Umetsu1, Hajime Kanamori1, Koji Murakami1

  • 1Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.

Annals of Vascular Diseases
|June 26, 2023
PubMed

Insights

COVID-19 patients experienced thrombosis, with venous thromboembolism (VTE) more common than arterial thrombosis. Arterial events like ischemic cerebral infarction occurred even in patients without traditional risk factors.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Vascular Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with an increased risk of thrombotic events.
  • Understanding the specific clinical features of arterial thrombosis and venous thromboembolism (VTE) in COVID-19 is crucial for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate and compare the clinical characteristics of arterial thrombosis and VTE in hospitalized patients with COVID-19.
  • To identify the incidence and patterns of these thrombotic events within this patient cohort.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective, multicenter cohort study (CLOT-COVID Study).
  • Inrolled 2,894 consecutively hospitalized COVID-19 patients across 16 Japanese centers.
  • Data collected from April 2021 to September 2021.

Main Results:

  • Thrombosis occurred in 1.9% (55/2894) of patients.
  • Arterial thrombosis (0.4%) and VTE (1.2%) were observed.
  • Arterial thrombosis included ischemic cerebral infarction (75%), myocardial infarction (17%), and acute limb ischemia (8%); 42% had no comorbidities.
  • VTE included pulmonary embolism (53%) and deep vein thrombosis (47%); PE was early, DVT was later in hospitalization.

Conclusions:

  • VTE is more frequent than arterial thrombosis in COVID-19 patients.
  • Ischemic cerebral infarction is a notable arterial event in this population.
  • Arterial thrombosis can occur in COVID-19 patients irrespective of pre-existing atherosclerosis risk factors.

Keywords:
COVID-19JapanVTEarterial thrombosisvenous thrombosis

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