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Automated diagnostic analyzers have transformed clinical microbiology by providing rapid and reliable methods for pathogen identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing. Among these systems, the Vitek 2 is widely used because it automates the traditionally labor-intensive processes of microbial identification (ID) and antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST), delivering standardized and timely results that are essential for effective patient care.Microbial Identification with ID CardsThe...

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Microfluidic Applications for Disposable Diagnostics
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Engineering Innovative Interfaces for Point-of-Care Diagnostics.

Damon T Burrow1, Jacob T Heggestad1, David S Kinnamon1

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708 USA.

Current Opinion in Colloid & Interface Science
|June 26, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Point-of-care tests (POCTs) offer rapid disease diagnosis outside labs. Innovations in colloid science are advancing POCTs for broader clinical use, addressing challenges in sensitive and reliable testing.

Keywords:
COVID-19Point-of-care testsbiosensorsin vitro diagnosticsinfectious disease

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Area of Science:

  • Colloid and interface science
  • Biomedical engineering
  • Clinical diagnostics

Background:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the need for rapid, reliable diagnostic tools.
  • Traditional lab tests cause delays and limit testing capacity.
  • Point-of-care tests (POCTs) offer portable, decentralized diagnostic solutions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in various Point-of-care tests (POCTs).
  • To discuss innovations in colloid and interface science for POCT development.
  • To explore future desirable features for enhanced POCTs.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent literature on lateral flow assays, paper-based POCTs, protein microarrays, microbead flow assays, and nucleic acid amplification assays.
  • Analysis of innovations in colloid and interface science applied to POCT design.
  • Discussion of emerging trends and challenges in POCT development.

Main Results:

  • Significant progress has been made in developing diverse POCT platforms.
  • Innovations in colloid and interface science are crucial for overcoming POCT limitations.
  • Several POCT types show promise for diseases like COVID-19, HIV, and malaria.

Conclusions:

  • Continued research leveraging colloid and interface science is essential for advancing POCTs.
  • Future POCTs should integrate features like simplified sample collection, connectivity, and machine learning.
  • POCTs hold significant potential to improve global disease diagnosis and monitoring.