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U.S. Visa and Immigration Policy Challenges: Explanations for Faculty Perceptions and Intent to Leave
Mary K Feeney1, Heyjie Jung2,3, Timothy P Johnson4
1Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ USA.
Research in Higher Education
|June 26, 2023
Summary
Recent US immigration policies and COVID-19 restrictions negatively impacted international scientists, disrupting collaborations and increasing intentions to leave the United States. These policies affect science mobility and higher education negatively.
Area of Science:
- Science and Technology Policy
- Higher Education Research
- Immigration Studies
Background:
- US immigration policies increasingly emphasize national security, affecting international student applications and research collaborations.
- The COVID-19 pandemic intensified challenges through travel restrictions and safety concerns, impacting global science mobility.
- Science mobility is crucial for education, training, competitiveness, and innovation in STEM fields.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effects of recent visa and immigration policies on scientific research collaborations.
- To analyze the impact of these policies on the employment and work with international students and scholars.
- To explore how policies influence scientists' intentions to remain in or leave the US.
Main Methods:
- Utilized a representative sample of US and foreign-born scientists across three STEM fields.
- Employed descriptive statistics, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and logistic regression for data analysis.
- Examined disruptions in research collaborations, work with trainees, and scientists' intentions to depart.
Main Results:
- Academic scientists reported significant disruptions due to visa and immigration policies.
- Policies demonstrated negative impacts on US higher education institutions.
- Recruitment and retention of international trainees were negatively affected.
- Negative perceptions of immigration policy correlated with increased intentions to leave the US.
Conclusions:
- Current US visa and immigration policies create substantial challenges for international scientists.
- These policies hinder the recruitment and retention of global talent in US higher education.
- Addressing these policy issues is vital to maintaining US scientific competitiveness and innovation.
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