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Related Concept Videos

Overview of Exosomes01:36

Overview of Exosomes

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Exosomes are stable, lipid bilayer-enclosed vesicles capable of crossing biological barriers. They can carry a wide range of molecules required for intercellular communication. Once exosomes are released from the cell where they originated, they enter a recipient cell through various pathways such as fusion, receptor-mediated endocytosis, macropinocytosis, and phagocytosis.
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Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration01:21

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Stem cell therapy is a method used in regenerative medicine to repair and restore function to damaged tissues and organs. Stem cells have the potential to proliferate and differentiate into various tissue types, making them ideal candidates for tissue regeneration. For example, hematopoietic stem cell transplants are commonly used in blood cancer treatment to replenish damaged bone marrow and restore healthy blood cells.
Types of Stem Cells used in Stem Cell Therapy
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Stem Cell Culture01:17

Stem Cell Culture

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Stem cell research aims to find ways to use stem cells to regenerate and repair cellular damage. Over time, most adult cells undergo the wear and tear of aging and lose their ability to divide and repair themselves. Stem cells do not display a particular morphology or function. Adult stem cells, which exist as a small subset of cells in most tissues, keep dividing and can differentiate into a number of specialized cells generally formed by that tissue. These cells enable the body to renew and...
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Mesenchymal Stem Cells01:19

Mesenchymal Stem Cells

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Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells that can differentiate into most connective tissue cell types, except for hematopoietic cells, depending upon the source of MSCs. For example, bone-marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) can differentiate into osteocytes, hepatocytes, and pancreatic and neuronal cells. MSCs can be isolated from various sources such as bone marrow, placenta, adipose tissue, teeth, and Wharton’s jelly, a gelatinous substance in the umbilical cord. The ease of their...
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Clinical Applications of Epidermal Stem Cells01:19

Clinical Applications of Epidermal Stem Cells

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Epidermal stem cells (EpiSCs) are mainly located at the basal layer of the epidermis. These cells repair minor injuries of the skin and replace dead skin cells. However, EpiSCs’ cannot heal severe wounds such as major burns or those from diabetes or hereditary disorders. In such cases, culturing the epidermal stem cells from the patient is possible and has yielded successful treatment options, such as laboratory-grown skin grafts. These grafts are synthesized using a patient’s own...
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Embryonic Stem Cells00:57

Embryonic Stem Cells

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Embryonic stem (ES) cells were first discovered in mice in 1981 by Martin Evans. In 1998, James Thomson identified a method to isolate embryonic stem cells from humans. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are obtained from 3-5 day old embryos that remain unused after an in vitro fertilization procedure.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 25, 2025

Large-Scale Preparation of Synovial Fluid Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes by 3D Bioreactor Culture
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Large-Scale Preparation of Synovial Fluid Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes by 3D Bioreactor Culture

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Stem cell-derived exosome versus stem cell therapy.

Kaiyue Zhang1,2, Ke Cheng1,2

  • 1Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC USA.

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|June 26, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Stem cell therapies show promise for treating diseases. Stem cell-derived exosomes offer a safer alternative, but manufacturing challenges must be overcome for clinical use.

Keywords:
Regenerative medicineStem-cell biotechnologyStem-cell researchTissue engineering

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Isolation of Exosome-Enriched Extracellular Vesicles Carrying Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor from Embryonic Stem Cells
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Area of Science:

  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Cell Biology
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Stem cell therapies are investigated for treating hematological, immune, neurodegenerative diseases, and tissue injuries.
  • Transplantation of living stem cells raises biosafety concerns.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore stem cell-derived exosomes as a potential therapeutic alternative to stem cell transplantation.
  • To identify key challenges hindering the clinical translation of exosome-based therapies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current research on stem cell therapies and stem cell-derived exosomes.
  • Analysis of the potential benefits and limitations of exosome therapeutics.

Main Results:

  • Stem cell-derived exosomes may offer similar clinical benefits to stem cells.
  • Exosomes bypass the biosafety concerns associated with living cell transplantation.

Conclusions:

  • Exosomes derived from stem cells represent a promising cell-free therapeutic strategy.
  • Addressing challenges in large-scale manufacturing, purification, and cargo analysis is crucial for clinical application.