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Updated: Jul 25, 2025

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Combining Language Training and Work Experience for Refugees with Low-Literacy Levels: a Mixed-Methods Case Study.

Anne Kuschel1,2, Nina Hansen1, Liesbet Heyse2

  • 1Department of Social Psychology, University of Groningen, Grote Kruisstraat 2/1, 9721TS, Groningen, The Netherlands.

Journal of International Migration and Integration
|June 26, 2023
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Summary

This pilot program combined language training and work experience for low-literate refugees, improving their communication strategies and labor market readiness. The integrated approach facilitated societal integration by fostering intergroup contact.

Keywords:
AgencyIntegrationLanguageRefugeesTrainingWork experience

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Area of Science:

  • Social Sciences
  • Psychology
  • Sociology

Background:

  • Societal integration of refugees is crucial, with language proficiency being a significant barrier for low-literate individuals.
  • Traditional integration programs often separate language training from work skill development.
  • Ager and Strang's (2008) integration framework highlights agency and intergroup contact as key factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate a 1-year pilot program integrating language training and sheltered work experience for low-literate refugees.
  • To assess the program's impact on refugees' agency, specifically communication strategies and labor market preparedness.
  • To explore the role of intergroup contact in facilitating refugee integration.

Main Methods:

  • A mixed-method approach was employed, involving longitudinal data collection over 11 months.
  • Participants (N=10) completed questionnaires, and interviews were conducted with students and teachers.
  • Observations of interactions in language classes and the work environment were also utilized.

Main Results:

  • Overall, participants demonstrated an increase in the use of communication strategies.
  • Individual case analyses revealed nuanced impacts of the program on labor market preparation.
  • The program facilitated intergroup contact within a sheltered employment setting.

Conclusions:

  • Combining language training with work experience can enhance communication skills and labor market readiness for low-literate refugees.
  • Creating opportunities for intergroup contact is vital for improving agency and facilitating societal integration.
  • The findings underscore the importance of tailored, integrated programs for refugee integration.