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[Antibiotic resistance of Shigella in different regions of the USSR]
Abstract:
Shigella were most sensitive to polymyxin ceporin, ampicillin, neomycin and furazolidone and resistant to chloramphenicol, tetracycline and streptomycin. Shigella resistant simultaneously to two or three drugs mainly to tetracycline + chloramphenicol, tetracycline + streptomycin and tetracycline + chloramphenicol + streptomycin were most frequent. The frequency of the Shigella strains carrying R-plasmids increased from 28 per cent in 1969--1970 to 72.6 per cent in 1977. The Shigella strains isolated during the dysentery outbreak in 1973--1977 carried the R-factor controlling resistance to tetracycline + chloramphenicol, tetracycline + chloramphenicol + streptomycin, tetracycline + chloramphenicol + streptomycin + neomycin. Interaction between separate biochemical types, colicinogenicity and drug resistance classes was found in the Shigella isolates. The data on the effect of antibiotic (tetracyclines) intensive use in stock-raising defining wide spread of the R-plasmids controlling resistance to these drugs were obtained.
Insights
Shigella bacteria show increasing resistance to common antibiotics like tetracycline and chloramphenicol, driven by R-plasmids. This rise in antimicrobial resistance poses a significant public health challenge.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Antimicrobial Resistance
- Plasmid Biology
Background:
- Shigella infections are a major cause of dysentery.
- Antibiotic resistance in bacteria is a growing global health concern.
- R-plasmids are key genetic elements conferring multidrug resistance.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate antibiotic susceptibility patterns in Shigella strains.
- To determine the prevalence and characteristics of R-plasmids in Shigella.
- To explore the relationship between antibiotic use and the spread of resistance.
Main Methods:
- Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Shigella isolates.
- Detection and characterization of R-plasmids.
- Epidemiological analysis of Shigella strains and resistance patterns.
Main Results:
- Shigella strains exhibited sensitivity to polymyxin, ampicillin, neomycin, and furazolidone.
- High resistance was observed for chloramphenicol, tetracycline, and streptomycin.
- The frequency of R-plasmid-carrying Shigella increased significantly from 28% to 72.6% between 1969-1977.
- Strains from a 1973-1977 dysentery outbreak carried R-factors for resistance to multiple antibiotics, including tetracycline and chloramphenicol.
- Interactions were noted between Shigella biochemical types, colicinogenicity, and drug resistance.
Conclusions:
- Shigella demonstrates evolving resistance to critical antibiotics, particularly tetracycline and chloramphenicol.
- The rise in R-plasmids, linked to intensive antibiotic use in livestock, is a primary driver of this resistance.
- Understanding these resistance mechanisms is crucial for effective treatment and control of Shigella infections.