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Border Governance, Migration Securitisation, and Security Challenges in Nigeria.

Confidence Nwachinemere Ogbonna1, Nsemba Edward Lenshie2, Chikodiri Nwangwu3

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Nigerian politicians securitized immigration, leading to border closures amid rising insecurity. This study finds such policies serve political elites, not national security, urging a de-securitization approach to address root causes of insecurity.

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Area of Science:

  • Political Science
  • Security Studies
  • Migration Studies

Background:

  • Nigerian politicians link foreigners to national security challenges.
  • The Nigerian government implemented a 2019 land border closure, securitizing immigration.
  • This policy aimed to mitigate perceived security threats within Nigeria.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the impact of securitizing border governance and migration on Nigeria's national security.
  • To examine the political motivations behind the securitization of immigration policies.
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of border securitization in addressing security challenges.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized securitization theory as a theoretical framework.
  • Employed qualitative research methods.
  • Data collection included focus group discussions, key informant interviews, and desk reviews of literature.

Main Results:

  • The securitization of migration and strict border governance primarily benefit the political elite.
  • These policies were enacted despite the elite's failure to resolve underlying security issues.
  • Border securitization has not effectively mitigated Nigeria's security challenges.

Conclusions:

  • The Nigerian government should de-securitize foreigners' immigration.
  • Addressing the domestic and external factors driving insecurity is crucial.
  • A shift from securitized border policies to addressing root causes is recommended.