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Cross-Sectional Research01:50

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In cross-sectional research, a researcher compares multiple segments of the population at the same time. If they were interested in people's dietary habits, the researcher might directly compare different groups of people by age. Instead of following a group of people for 20 years to see how their dietary habits changed from decade to decade, the researcher would study a group of 20-year-old individuals and compare them to a group of 30-year-old individuals and a group of 40-year-old...
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Often, psychologists develop surveys as a means of gathering data. Surveys are lists of questions to be answered by research participants, and can be delivered as paper-and-pencil questionnaires, administered electronically, or conducted verbally. Generally, the survey itself can be completed in a short time, and the ease of administering a survey makes it easy to collect data from a large number of people.
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Conduct Disorder01:28

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Conduct disorder is a complex mental health diagnosis characterized by a repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior that violates societal norms, the rights of others, or age-appropriate rules. The diagnostic criteria for conduct disorder require the presence of at least three problematic behaviors within the past 12 months, with at least one occurring in the past six months. These behaviors are grouped into four categories: aggression toward people and animals; destruction of property;...
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The most basic experimental design involves two groups: the experimental group and the control group. The two groups are designed to be the same except for one difference— experimental manipulation. The experimental group gets the experimental manipulation—that is, the treatment or variable being tested—and the control group does not. Since experimental manipulation is the only difference between the experimental and control groups, we can be sure that any differences between...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 25, 2025

Use of Galvanic Skin Responses, Salivary Biomarkers, and Self-reports to Assess Undergraduate Student Performance During a Laboratory Exam Activity
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Examining active help-seeking behavior in first-generation college students.

Makita White1, Elizabeth A Canning1

  • 1Department of Psychology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA USA.

Social Psychology of Education : an International Journal
|June 26, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

First-generation (FG) students seek less academic help. However, FG students seeking non-academic help showed increased active help-seeking when their helper shared a FG identity, suggesting identity signaling can improve support access.

Keywords:
Active help-seekingFirst-generationHelp-providerHelp-seeking

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Area of Science:

  • Social Sciences
  • Psychology
  • Higher Education

Background:

  • First-generation (FG) college students often exhibit lower engagement with instructors and help-seeking behaviors compared to continuing-generation (CG) students.
  • Qualitative studies indicate FG students may prefer passive help-seeking over active engagement when seeking academic support.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether FG students actively seek academic and non-academic help in a controlled laboratory setting.
  • To determine if establishing a shared identity with a help-provider can enhance active help-seeking behaviors among FG students.

Main Methods:

  • A laboratory study was conducted where students had opportunities to seek academic and non-academic assistance.
  • The study measured active help-seeking behaviors and tested the impact of a shared FG identity between student and help-provider.

Main Results:

  • FG students demonstrated significantly less engagement in seeking academic help.
  • No significant difference in active help-seeking was observed for academic assistance, regardless of the intervention.
  • For non-academic help, FG students who interacted with a help-provider signaling a FG identity exhibited significantly higher active help-seeking behaviors.

Conclusions:

  • Shared identity with a help-provider can positively influence active help-seeking for non-academic support among FG students.
  • FG faculty, staff, and student workers offering non-academic assistance are encouraged to self-identify as FG to foster greater student engagement.