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Considerations after lockdown and overcoming Covid-19: A systematic review for returning to safe physical exercise
R Martín-Moya1, V Tejada-Medina1
1Physical Education and Sports Department, Faculty of Education and Sport Sciences of Melilla, University of Granada, Melilla, Spain.
Science & Sports
|June 26, 2023
Summary
This review examines the psychological and cardiac effects of COVID-19 in athletes. It proposes a four-stage, 28-day protocol for the safe return to sports and physical activity post-infection.
Area of Science:
- Sports Medicine
- Exercise Physiology
- Infectious Disease Epidemiology
Background:
- The COVID-19 pandemic and associated lockdowns significantly impacted athletes' physical and psychological well-being.
- Concerns exist regarding potential cardiac abnormalities following SARS-CoV-2 infection, necessitating careful evaluation before resuming strenuous activity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review the challenges faced by athletes during lockdowns and COVID-19 infection.
- To establish evidence-based protocols for the safe resumption of sports and exercise post-COVID-19.
- To support athlete wellness, fair competition, and the resilience of the sports industry.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review methodology adhering to PRISMA guidelines.
- Comprehensive literature search across major databases: ISI Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar.
- Inclusion of 19 relevant articles focusing on COVID-19's impact on athletes and return-to-sport strategies.
Main Results:
- Identified key themes including the psychological impact of SARS-CoV-2, post-COVID-19 cardiac conditions, and return-to-practice protocols.
- Highlighted consistency in proposed return-to-practice protocols regarding duration and phased progression.
- Detailed a four-stage, 7-day per stage protocol for gradual return to physical activity based on symptom monitoring.
Conclusions:
- A structured, phased approach is crucial for the safe return of athletes to physical practice after COVID-19.
- Monitoring perceived symptoms and gradually increasing physiological demand are key components of the recovery protocol.
- Implementing standardized protocols can mitigate risks and promote a sustainable return to sports activities.
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