Mindfulness-Based and Mindfulness-Informed Interventions at the Workplace: A Systematic Review and Meta-Regression
Maren M Michaelsen1, Johannes Graser2, Miriam Onescheit1
1Institute for Integrative Health Care and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany.
Mindfulness
|June 26, 2023
Summary
Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) and mindfulness-informed interventions (MIIs) significantly enhance employee well-being, mental health, and physical health. While generally effective, further high-quality research is needed to address heterogeneity and bias for definitive conclusions.
Area of Science:
- Occupational Health
- Psychology
- Evidence-Based Interventions
Background:
- Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) show positive occupational health effects.
- Existing reviews often exclude mindfulness-informed interventions (MIIs) using indirect approaches.
- A research gap exists in synthesizing both MBIs and MIIs.
Purpose of the Study:
- To conduct a comprehensive meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) for MBIs and MIIs.
- To synthesize effects on various workplace health outcomes.
- To explore factors influencing intervention effectiveness and heterogeneity.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature search across five databases plus manual search.
- Random-effects models used for meta-analysis of 25 outcomes.
- Meta-regressions to analyze intervention and population characteristics.
Main Results:
- 91 studies (4927 participants) showed significant improvements in mindfulness, well-being, mental health, stress, physical health, and work factors.
- Effect sizes were generally positive but varied.
- Short-term follow-up effects were stable, but long-term effects were not.
Conclusions:
- MBIs and MIIs are effective tools for enhancing employee health.
- Heterogeneity and risk of bias necessitate high-quality studies for firm conclusions.
- Further research should focus on rigorous data collection and reporting.
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