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Cylindrical Multimode Waveguides as Focusing Interferometric Systems.

Wladislaw Michailow1, Nikita W Almond1, Harvey E Beere1

  • 1Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, CB3 0HE Cambridge, United Kingdom.

ACS Photonics
|June 26, 2023
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cylindrical multimode waveguides can now deliver and focus radiation simultaneously, eliminating the need for separate optical elements. This breakthrough simplifies optical setups and enhances radiation intensity for various applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Optics and Photonics
  • Terahertz Technology

Background:

  • Traditional radiation delivery and focusing rely on separate optical components like waveguides and lenses.
  • Integrating delivery and focusing functions into a single element has been a long-standing challenge in optical system design.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate that cylindrical multimode waveguides can simultaneously deliver and focus radiation without external optical elements.
  • To develop a theoretical model for radiation propagation and focusing in these waveguides.
  • To experimentally validate the focusing capabilities at terahertz frequencies.

Main Methods:

  • Development of an analytical ray-optical model for radiation propagation.
  • Theoretical analysis of radiation focusing within and beyond the waveguide.
  • Experimental validation using terahertz radiation and measurement of intensity and spot area.

Main Results:

  • Cylindrical multimode waveguides were shown to deliver and focus radiation, creating a focused spot.
  • A significant intensity increase (over 8.4x) and spot area compression (over 15x) were achieved.
  • The focusing effect was demonstrated at terahertz frequencies with focal distances much larger than the wavelength and waveguide radius.

Conclusions:

  • A single cylindrical multimode waveguide can act as a complete radiation delivery and focusing system.
  • This simplifies optical setups, enabling new designs for waveguide-containing systems.
  • The study provides a precise optical characterization method for cylindrical structures.