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Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella

Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella

The femur is the body's longest and strongest bone spanning the thigh region. Its head articulates with the acetabulum of the hip bone to form the hip joint. A minor indentation on the medial side of the femoral head, called the fovea capitis, serves as the site of attachment for the ligament of the head of the femur. This weak ligament spans the femur and acetabulum and supports the hip joint. The narrowed region below the head is the neck of the femur. The inclination angle between the...

Knee Joint

Knee Joint

The knee joint is the most complicated joint in the body. It consists of three articulations– two tibiofemoral and one patellofemoral. As is characteristic of synovial joints, the knee joint has a thin articular capsule that partially surrounds this joint cavity. Additionally, several ligaments, muscles, and cartilaginous structures support the movement of the knee.
A total of seven ligaments support the knee joint. The patellar ligament, which is also attached to the quadriceps femoris...

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Treatment of Ankle Osteoarthritis with Total Ankle Replacement Through a Lateral Transfibular Approach

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Patellofemoral Arthroplasty.

Hayley E Ennis¹, Jessica L H Phillips, Jason M Jennings

¹From the Colorado Joint Replacement (Ennis, Phillips, Jennings, and Dennis), Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Denver (Jennings, and Dennis), Department of Orthopaedics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, CO (Dennis), and Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (Dennis).

The Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons

|June 26, 2023

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Patellofemoral arthroplasty (PFA) offers improved function and faster recovery for younger patients with isolated knee arthritis. It is a cost-effective alternative to total knee arthroplasty (TKA), though long-term data is still needed.

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Area of Science:

Orthopedic surgery
Biomedical engineering
Arthroplasty research

Background:

Patellofemoral arthroplasty (PFA) is an evolving treatment for isolated patellofemoral disease.
Advancements in patient selection, surgical techniques, and implant design have improved PFA outcomes.
PFA offers benefits for younger patients, including enhanced function, quicker recovery, and bone preservation, potentially delaying total knee arthroplasty (TKA).

Purpose of the Study:

To review the current status and outcomes of patellofemoral arthroplasty.
To evaluate PFA as a viable option for younger patients with isolated patellofemoral arthritis.
To assess the cost-effectiveness and revision rates of PFA compared to TKA.

Main Methods:

Review of current literature on patellofemoral arthroplasty.
Analysis of patient selection criteria, surgical techniques, and implant designs.
Evaluation of short-term and midterm outcomes, including survivorship and revision rates.

Main Results:

Improved short-term and midterm outcomes reported for PFA due to enhancements in surgical and implant technology.
Progression of tibiofemoral arthritis is the primary reason for PFA revision to TKA.
Conversion from PFA to TKA generally yields successful results with minimal bone loss.
PFA demonstrates cost-effectiveness with 5- and 10-year survivorships of 91.7% and 83.3%, respectively, and an annual revision rate of 2.18%.

Conclusions:

Patellofemoral arthroplasty is a beneficial option for carefully selected younger patients with isolated patellofemoral arthritis.
PFA can lead to better function, faster recovery, and bone preservation, potentially delaying the need for TKA.
While PFA shows promise as a cost-effective treatment, further long-term studies are required to fully understand its performance and the impact of new technologies.