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A Driver in Health Outcomes: Developing Discrete Categories of Transportation Insecurity.
American Journal of Epidemiology
|June 27, 2023
Summary
Transportation insecurity significantly impacts health, affecting access to care and increasing depressive symptoms. Identifying these barriers is crucial for improving health outcomes and reducing disparities.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Social Determinants of Health
- Health Services Research
Background:
- Transportation access is a critical social determinant of health, influencing healthcare, nutrition, and social connectivity.
- Understanding transportation insecurity is vital for addressing health disparities.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify and categorize different levels of transportation insecurity.
- To examine the association between transportation insecurity and health outcomes.
Main Methods:
- Utilized a mixed-methods approach with quantitative k-means clustering on the 16-item Transportation Security Index.
- Analyzed 2018 US adult population data (aged 25+).
Main Results:
- Identified 5 distinct categories of transportation insecurity.
- Demonstrated a nonparametric association between transportation insecurity and self-rated health and depressive symptoms.
- Found a threshold effect for self-rated health and a strong relationship between high transportation insecurity and depressive symptoms.
Conclusions:
- The 5-category Transportation Security Index effectively differentiates experiences of transportation insecurity.
- This index can aid clinicians in screening for transportation barriers and inform research and interventions for health disparities.
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