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School-based self-harm prevention programs: A systematic review with implications for international implementation
Sophie I Liljedahl1,2, Clara Hellner3, Agneta Pettersson4
1Department of Psychiatry for Affective Disorders, National Specialized Medical Care Unit for Severe Self-Harm Behaviour, Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.
School-based programs targeting self-harm and suicidal behaviors show limited efficacy. Only two programs demonstrated effectiveness, highlighting the need for further research and careful implementation for international use.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
- Educational Psychology
Background:
- School-based programs are widely used to prevent self-harm and suicidal behaviors.
- Many existing programs originate from the United States, raising questions about their cultural adaptability.
Conclusions:
- Limited evidence supports the effectiveness of current school-based programs for suicide and self-harm prevention.
- Further research and careful consideration of dissemination and implementation are crucial for international application.
- Replication studies focusing on cultural adaptation are needed.
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